ch. 5 Flashcards
(41 cards)
consciousness
being aware, and being aware of others’ awareness
rouge and mirror test
for children
* called mark test for animals (elephants, porpoises, apes, chickens)
* put a baby in front of a mirror, put a dot of rouge somewhere on their face. until 18 months, they’re not aware enough to recognize themself. when they touch their face, they pass the test
Tarzan syndrome
as we got bigger we had to develop an accurate sense of ourselves and how we impact our environment. small animals in treetops need to be aware of branch size, but as we left the trees, our awareness focused on social knowledge, body language
name 8 altered states of consciousness
meditation, day dreaming, road trance, hypnosis, drug-induced states, extreme emotional states, cell phones, any distractions
joint attention
the ability to focus on what someone else is focused on; being aware of what other people are aware of
what is an altered state of consciousness
being not fully alert
beta waves
when awake + alert
alpha waves
being relaxed
hypnogogic state
the stage before Stage 1 sleep; you’re starting to fall asleep, starting to relax, breathing and heart rate slow down, you mentally review the day
stage 1 sleep
light sleep; theta waves
stage 2 sleep
brief bursts of brain activity (called sleep spindles)
stage 3 sleep
EEG tracing of 20-50% delta waves; virtually no eye movements
stage 4 sleep
static dreams; deepest level of sleep; EEG tracing of 50% delta waves; virtually no eye movement
REM stage of sleep
have narrative dreams; each REM sleep dream is longer than the last
narrative dream
has a story. is visual like a movie. feels like a long time but is usually 15 min, so eyes move rapidly to keep up with fast-paced dream
emotional dreams
occur in deep sleep, ex: night terrors
why do we forget dreams?
when we sleep our cerebral cortex (conscious brain) is off, old brain controls dreams. when you wake up, conscious brain takes over again and suppresses unconscious brain
how many sleep cycles per night?
4-5
circadian rhythm
the biological clock, regular body rhythm occurring on 24-hour cycle
* melatonin produced in pineal gland when it gets dark out. seeing the sun thru eyelids stops melatonin production
what are the 2 theories about why we sleep?
repair theory and adaptive non-responding
repair theory
we sleep to recover from the damage of the day
adaptive non-responding
we’re not well-suited to survive at night (can’t see + fight predators), so we sleep to stay safe
what are 4 theories about why we dream?
repression hypothesis, activation-synthesis hypothesis (random neural activity), problem solving hypothesis, memory consolidation
why do babies need more REM sleep?
for their development; cross-wiring occurs during REM sleep
