Ch 22 psychiatry Flashcards
(218 cards)
1
Q
-form
A
resembling; in the shape of
2
Q
-genic
A
produced by
3
Q
-kinesia
A
movement
4
Q
-leptic
A
to seize hold of
5
Q
-mania
A
obsessive preoccupation
6
Q
-oid
A
derived from, related to, resembling or originating from
7
Q
-pathy
A
disease; emotion
8
Q
-phobia
A
fear (irrational and often disabling)
9
Q
-phoria
A
feeling, bearing
10
Q
-somnia
A
sleep
11
Q
-thymia
A
mind
12
Q
-tropic
A
pertaining to stimulating
13
Q
a-, an-
A
no, not
14
Q
AD
A
Alzheimer disease—a form of dementia
15
Q
ADHD
A
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
16
Q
ADLs
A
activities of daily living
17
Q
External expression of emotion, or emotional response.
A
affect
18
Q
agora-
A
marketplace
19
Q
Fear of open spaces; an anxiety disorder. Agora- means marketplace. Agoraphobics fear leaving home or a safe place.
A
agoraphobia
20
Q
AIMS
A
abnormal involuntary movement scale—used to monitor signs of tardive dyskinesia
21
Q
Loss of memory.
A
amnesia
22
Q
Central nervous system stimulants that may be used to treat attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder and depression.
A
amphetamines
23
Q
Eating disorder with excessive dieting; refusal to maintain a normal body weight. -orexia means appetite.
A
anorexia nervosa
24
Q
Characterized by lack of loyalty or concern for others and lack of moral standards.
A
antisocial personality
25
anxi/o
uneasy, anxious, distressed
26
Varying degrees of `uneasiness`, apprehension, or dread often accompanied by palpitations, tightness in the chest, breathlessness, and choking sensations.
anxiety
27
Characterized by unpleasant tension, `distress`, and avoidance behavior; examples are generalized anxiety `disorder`, panic disorder, phobias, social anxiety disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder.
anxiety disorders
28
Drug that relieves anxiety and produces a relaxing effect. This type of drug relieves anxiety. Benzodiazopines are ____ (Valium and Xanax are examples).
anxiolytic
29
Absence of emotions; lack of interest or emotional involvement.
apathy
30
ASD
autism spectrum disorder
31
Drugs that treat `psychotic` symptoms and behavior (schizophrenia, or bipolar disease; second generation `antipsychotics`).
atypical antipsychotics
32
aut/o
self
33
Neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inhibited social interaction and communication and by restricted, repetitive behavior.
autism
34
`Personality` disorder marked by a pattern of `social inhibition`, feelings of inadequacy, and `hypersensitivity to negative evaluation.`
avoidant personality
35
Drugs that lessen anxiety, tension, agitation, and panic attacks.
benzodiazepines
36
Disorders marked by alternating periods of mania and depression.
bipolar disorders
37
`Instability` in interpersonal relationships and sense of self; `alternating involvement with and rejection of people.`
borderline personality
38
Eating disorder with binge eating followed by vomiting, purging, and depression.
bulimia nervosa
39
BZD
benzodiazepine
40
CA
chronologic age
41
Plant substance from which marijuana is obtained.
cannabis
42
cata-
down
43
Immobility, muscular rigidity, and mutism induced by a psychologic disorder such as schizophrenia. Ton/o means tension. A state of psychologically induced immobility with muscular rigidity.
catatonia
44
CBT
cognitive-behavioral therapy
45
Fear of closed-in places.
claustrophobia
46
CNS
central nervous system
47
Focuses on the connection between behavior and thoughts. Conditioning (changing behavior patterns by training and repetition) is used to relieve anxiety and improve symptoms of illness.
cognitive behavioral therapy
48
Uncontrollable urge to perform an act repeatedly and reduce anxiety.
compulsion
49
`C`ondition marked by neurologic symptoms with no organic (physical) basis, appearing as a result of anxiety and unconscious inner `c`onflict.
Think convection disorder
conversion disorder
50
cycl/o
`c`iliary body of eye; `c`ycle; `c`ircle
51
Patient experiences alternating states of depression and exhilaration; mild form of bipolar disorder. Cycl/o means circle or recurring. Alternating periods of hypomania and depression; lesser intensity than in bipolar disorder.
cyclothymia
52
Unconscious technique (coping `mechanism`) used to resolve or conceal conflicts and anxiety. It `protects` the person against anxiety and stress; examples are acting out, denial, and repression.
defense mechanism
53
Acute episodes of confused thinking, disorientation, agitation, and fearfulness. This usually is a reversible impairment. ____ tremens is associated with alcohol withdrawal.
delirium
54
Anxiety, confusion in thinking, and tremors associated with withdrawal from excessive and habitual use of alcohol.
delirium tremens
55
Fixed, false belief that cannot be changed by` l`ogical reasoning or evidence.
delusion
56
Progressive loss of intellectual abilities such as `memory`, judgment, and reasoning as well as changes in personality.
dementia
57
Personality disorder marked by an excessive `need to be taken care of `and a pattern of submissive and `clinging behavior.`
dependent personality
58
Uncomfortable thoughts are `split off from the person’s conscious` awareness to avoid mental distress, and can lead to multiple personalities.
dissociation
59
Major psychiatric `disorders` with chronic `sadness`, loss of energy, hopelessness, discouragement, and, commonly, suicidal thoughts.
depressive disorders
60
`Conditions` involving breakdown in memory, `identity`, or perception.
dissociative disorders
61
DSM-5TR
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed, Text Revision
62
DT
delirium tremens
63
dys-
abnormal, bad, difficult, painful
64
Intense feelings of depression, `discontent`, and generalized `dissatisfaction with life`. Sadness, hopelessness, and depressive mood; feeling “low.” The prefix dys- means unpleasant. A person with ____ experiences uneasiness and dissatisfaction with life, often followed by depression. Gender ____ is listed in the DSM 5-TR as distress related to gender identity, but not all transgender or gender-diverse people experience this distress.
dysphoria
65
Depressive episodes, but not of the same intensity or duration as major depression. Depressed mood that is not as severe as in major depression.
dysthymia
66
ECT
`e`lectro`c`onvulsive `t`herapy
67
ego
Central coordinating branch of the personality or mind.
68
Electrical current is used to produce convulsions and loss of consciousness; effective in the treatment of major depression. Modern techniques use anesthesia, so the convulsion is not observable.
electroconvulsive therapy
69
eu-
good; normal; true
70
Intense feelings of well-being, elation, happiness, excitement, and joy. Exaggerated feeling of well-being; elevated mood, “high.” The prefix eu- means good. An excited state of joy; a good feeling.
euphoria
71
Normal, non-depressed, positive mood.
euthymia
72
Compulsive need to expose one’s genitals.
exhibitionistic disorder
73
Treatment of an entire family to resolve and shed light on conflicts.
family therapy
74
Use of `nonliving` objects, such as articles of clothing, as substitutes for a human sexual love object.
fetishistic disorder
75
`Early` neuroleptic medications that `reduce psychotic `symptoms.
first generation antipsychotic drugs
76
Psychoanalytic technique in which the patient verbalizes, without censorship, the passing contents of his or her mind.
free association
77
Flight from customary surroundings; sign of dissociative disorder.
fugue
78
GAD
generalized anxiety disorder
79
Group of patients with similar problems gain insight into their personalities through discussion and interaction with each other.
group therapy
80
hallucin/o
hallucination, to wander in the mind
81
False sensory perception (hearing voices and seeing things).
hallucination
82
Substance that produces hallucinations. A hallucination is a sensory perception in the absence of any external stimuli, and an illusion is an error in perception in which sensory stimuli are present but incorrectly interpreted.
hallucinogen
83
Highly emotional, immature, and dependent personality type with irrational outbursts, tantrums, and flamboyant and theatrical behavior.
histrionic personality
84
hypn/o
sleep
85
Induced trance (state of altered consciousness). The Greek god of sleep (Hypnos) put people to sleep by touching them with his magic wand or by fanning them with his dark wings.
hypnosis
86
hypo-
deficient, less than, below
87
Elevated excitement that is of `lesser` intensity than `mania`. This is a milder form of mania, lasting for a shorter period of time.
hypomania
88
iatr/o
treatment
89
Pertaining to produced by a treatment or a procedure.
iatrogenic
90
ID
intellectual disability
91
Major unconscious part of the personality; `i`nstinctual `d`rives and desires.
id
92
a misperception of an actual sensory stimulus, such as hearing voices in the sound of rustling leaves.
illusion
93
Face-to-face d`i`scussion of life problems and associated feelings. The patient tells their st`o`ry and connects emotional patterns in their life history with presen`t` concerns.
insight-oriented therapy
94
Short-term `treatment` for depression concentrating on `interpersonal` relationships and life transitions.
interpersonal therapy
95
IPT
`i`nter`p`ersonal` t`herapy
96
IQ
`i`ntelligence `quotient`. An IQ test is a standardized test to determine mental age of an individual. The average person is considered to have an IQ of between 90 and 110. Those who score below 70 are considered to have an intellectual disability.
97
klept/o
to steal
98
Strong impulse to steal, often with little actual desire for the stolen item. Klept/o means to steal.
kleptomania
99
Unstable; Variable; undergoing rapid emotional change.
labile
100
Involves exposure to an artificial light source to treat major depressive disorder (MDD) with seasonal patterns, otherwise known as seasonal affective disorders (SAD).
light therapy
101
Medication used to treat bipolar illness.
lithium
102
LSD
`l`y`s`ergic acid `d`iethylamide—a hallucinogen
103
MA
mental age—as determined by psychological tests
104
Elevated, euphoric state with racing thoughts, talkativeness, and hyperactivity. Elevated expansive state (euphoria) with hyperactivity, talkativeness, and racing thought. HINT: Don’t confuse with the suffix -mania (see page 880), meaning obsession.
mania
105
MAOI
`m`ono`a`mine `o`xidase inhibitor; an example is `phenelzine (Nardil)`
106
MDD
major depressive disorder
107
ment/o
mind
108
Pertaining to the mind.
mental
109
MMPI
M`innesota `M`ultiphasic `P`ersonality `I`nventory
110
No, or very little, ability to speak.
mutism
111
nar-sih-SIS-tikper-son-AL-ih-te
narcissistic personality
112
NCD
`n`euro`c`ognitive `d`isorder
113
neur/o
nerve
114
Group of psychiatric disorders marked by disturbances in thinking, perception, reasoning, and judgment.
neurocognitive disorders
115
Group of childhood disorders characterized by delays in socialization and communication skills; autism spectrum disorder is an example.
neurodevelopmental disorders
116
Drug that reduces psycho`tic` symptoms; antipsychotic drug.
neuroleptic drug
117
Chemical messenger released at the end of a nerve cell. Examples of ____ are serotonin and norepinephrine.
neurotransmitter
118
Involuntary, persistent idea, urge or emotion.
obsession
119
Recurrent thoughts and repetitive acts dominate behavior. Examples of ____-related `disorder` are body dysmorphic disorder and hoarding disorder.
obsessive-compulsive disorders
120
OCD
obsessive-compulsive disorder
121
OCPD
obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
122
Substance either resembling or derived from opium. Examples are cocaine, morphine, and heroin.
opioids
123
para-
abnormal
124
Overly suspicious system of thinking with fixed delusions of being harassed, persecuted, or unfairly treated. The no- in this term comes from the Greek word nous, meaning mind.
paranoia
125
Characterized by recurrent delusions of persecution and jealousy with suspicion and mistrust of other people.
paranoid personality
126
Para- means abnormal, -philia means "love" or "affection" in Greek. A recurring or intense sexual interest in objects, situations, or individuals that are atypical, or not typical of sexual attraction towards a consenting, mature human partner.
paraphilia
127
disorder with `recurrent` intense `sexual` `urge`, fantasy, or behavior that involves `unusual` objects, activities, or situations.
paraphilic disorders
128
condition or abnormal state of having sexual urges and fantasies involving children.
pedophilia
129
Lifelong patterns of interacting and behavior marked by inflexibility and impairment of social functioning.
personality disorders
130
Drugs used to treat serious mental illnesses or `p`sych`o`ses. `Th`ey mod`i`fy psychotic symptom`s `(delusions and hallucinations) and behavior.
phenothiazines
131
phil/o
attraction to, love
132
Irrational or disabling fear (avoidance) of an object or situation.
phobia
133
Phobia - air
aerophobia
134
Phobia - animals
zoophobia
135
Phobia - bees
apiphobia, melissophobia
136
Phobia - blood or bleeding
hematophobia, hemophobia
137
Phobia - books
bibliophobia
138
Phobia - cats
ailurophobia
139
Phobia - corpses
necrophobia
140
Phobia - crossing a bridge
gephyrophobia
141
Phobia - darkness
nyctophobia, scotophobia
142
Phobia - death
thanatophobia
143
Phobia - dogs
cynophobia
144
Phobia - drugs
pharmacophobia
145
Phobia - eating
phagophobia
146
Phobia - enclosed places
claustrophobia
147
Phobia - hair
trichophobia, trichopathophobia
148
Phobia - heights
acrophobia
149
Phobia - insects
entomophobia
150
Phobia - light
photophobia
151
Phobia - marriage
gamophobia
152
Phobia - men
androphobia
153
Phobia - needles
b`e`lon`e`phobia
154
Phobia - pain
`algo`phobia
155
Phobia - sexual intercourse
coitophobia, cypridophobia
156
Phobia - sleep
hypnophobia
157
Phobia - snakes
op`hid`iophobia
ophidi/o + phobia
158
Phobia - spiders
arachnophobia
159
Phobia - traveling
hodophobia
160
Phobia - vomiting
emetophobia
161
Phobia - women
gyn`e`phobia, gyn`o`phobia
162
Phobia - worms
helminthophobia
163
Phobia - writing
graphophobia
164
phren/o
mind
165
Treatment in which a child, through use of toys in a playroom setting, expresses conflicts and feelings that cannot be communicated verbally.
play therapy
166
Anxiety-related symptoms appear after personal experience of a traumatic event.
post-traumatic stress disorder
167
Diagnostic `personality` `test` using stimuli (inkblots, `p`ictures, abstract patterns, incomplete sentences) to evoke responses that reflect aspects of an individual’s personality.
projective (`personality`) test
168
psych/o
mind
169
Physician with medical training in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of mental disorders. Examples are a child psychiatrist and a forensic psychiatrist (specializing in legal considerations). Forensic comes from the Latin forum, meaning public place.
psychiatrist
170
Treatment of the mind.
psychiatry
171
Treatment that allows the patient to explore inner emotions and conflicts so as to `understand` and change current behavior.
psychoanalysis
172
Group therapy in which a patient expresses feelings by `acting` out family and social roles with other patients.
psychodrama
173
`Pertaining to produced` within the `mind`; having emotional and psychologic origin, rather than a physical cause.
`psych`o`genic`
174
Nonmedical professional (PhD, or PsyD degree) specializing in mental processes and how the brain functions in health and disease. Areas of interest are clinical psychology (patient oriented), experimental psychology (research oriented), and social psychology (social interaction oriented).
psychologist
175
Treatment of psychiatric disorders with drugs.
psychopharmacology
176
Marked by loss of contact with reality, often associated with delusions and hallucinations. Loss of contact with reality associated with symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, and bizarre behavior.
psychosis
177
Pertaining to the interrelationship of the `mind (psych/o) `and `body (somat/o).`
psychosomatic
178
Treatment of the `mind`; talk `therapy` for mental disorders and emotional difficulties.
psychotherapy
179
PTSD
post-traumatic stress disorder
180
pyr/o
fever; fire
181
Strong impulse (obsessive urge) to set objects on fire. Pyr/o means fire, heat.
pyromania
182
Psychological `process` that distinguishes `fact` from fantasy; severely impaired in psychosis.
reality testing
183
Defense mechanism by which unacceptable thoughts and impulses are automatically `pushed into the unconscious`, out of awareness.
repression
184
Rx
therapy
185
SAD
seasonal affective disorder
186
schiz/o
split
187
A type of personality disorder; `emotionally cold, withdrawn` and aloof.
schizoid
188
Emotionally cold and aloof, as if split off from other people; indifferent to praise or criticism or to the feelings of others.
schizoid personality
189
Psychosis marked by `withdrawal from reality into an inner world` of disorganized thinking and conflict. Schiz/o means split.
schizophrenia
190
`Group` of chronic psychotic `disorders` that may include` hallucinations, disorganized speech and behavior, flat affect, and lack of initiative.`
schizophrenia spectrum disorders
191
Drugs that induce calmness, promote `s`leep, and help lessen anxiety.
sedatives
192
Disturbances in sexual response or sexual pleasure.
sexual dysfunctions
193
`Sexual` gratification gained by hu`m`iliation, bondage, or suffering.
sexual masochism disorder
194
Sexual gratification gained by `inflicting` physical or psychologic pain or harm on others.
sexual sadism disorder
195
SNRI
`s`erotonin-`n`orepinephrine `r`euptake `i`nhibitor; an example is duloxetine (Cymbalta)
196
somat/o
body
197
Presence of physical symptoms (such as pain or fatigue) that cannot be explained by an actual physical disorder or mental condition.
somatic symptom disorders
198
SSRI
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; an example is fluoxetine (Prozac)
199
Disorders marked by regular overuse of or dependence on psychoactive `substances` (`a`lcohol, amphetamines, cannabis, cocaine, hallucinogens, opioids, and sedatives) that affect the CNS.
substance-related and addictive disorders
200
Internalized conscience and moral aspect of the personality.
`super`ego
201
Offering encouragement, `support`, and hope to `p`atients facing difficult life transitions and events.
supportive psychotherapy
202
TAT
`T`hematic `A`pperception `T`est
203
TCA
`t`ri`c`yclic `a`ntidepressant
204
TD
tardive dyskinesia
205
THC
delta-9-`t`etra`h`ydro`c`annabinol—active ingredient in marijuana
206
TMS
`t`ranscranial `m`agnetic `s`timulation
207
Ability of T lymphocytes to recognize and accept the body’s own antigens as “self” or friendly. Once tolerance is established, the immune system will not react against the body’s own cells. Also in pharmacology tolerance is a drug action in which larger and larger doses must be given to achieve a desired effect.
tolerance
208
ton/o
to stretch
209
Non-invasive procedure using magnetic fields to activate nerve cells in the brain for treatment of depression.
transcranial magnetic stimulation
210
Psychoanalytic process in which the patient relates to the therapist as though the therapist were a prominent childhood figure.
transference
211
Drugs used to treat severe depression (characterized by a three-ringed fused molecular structure).
tricyclic antidepressants
212
Sexual excitement is achieved by spying on people who are naked, undressing, or engaged in sexual activity.
voyeuristic disorder
213
WAIS
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
214
WISC
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
215
xen/o
stranger
216
Fear of strangers.
xenophobia
217
Ψ
symbol for psych- (the uppercase Greek letter psi)
218
ΨRx
psychotherapy
