ch 19 cancer/oncology Abbreviations

Question 1

ADCs

Answer 1

antibody drug conjugates

type of targeted medicine that deliver chemotherapy drugs directly to cancer cells.
ADCs are made up of three parts:
Monoclonal antibody (mAb): Binds to specific proteins on cancer cells
Linker: Attaches the drug to the antibody
Payload: A chemotherapy drug that damages cancer cells

Question 2

AFP

Answer 2

alpha-fetoprotein

AFP tests measure AFP levels in a mother’s blood during pregnancy to check for birth defects and genetic problems. The test is usually done between 15 and 20 weeks of pregnancy.

Question 3

bcr

Answer 3

breakpoint cluster region (bcr-abl oncogene is a part of the Philadelphia chromosome associated with chronic myeloid leukemia)

Question 4

BMT

Answer 4

bone marrow transplantation

Question 5

bx

Answer 5

biopsy

Question 6

CA

Answer 6

cancer

Question 7

CAR-T cell

Answer 7

chimeric antigen receptor T cell

Question 8

CEA

Answer 8

carcinoembryonic antigen

carcinoembryonic antigen, a protein found in the blood that can indicate the presence of cancer. CEA is a type of tumor marker,

Question 9

cGy

Answer 9

centigray (one hundredth of a gray) or rad

Question 10

chemo

Answer 10

chemotherapy

Question 11

CR

Answer 11

complete response—disappearance of all tumor

Question 12

CSF

Answer 12

colony-stimulating factor—examples: G-CSF (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) and GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor)

Question 13

CTC

Answer 13

circulating tumor cells

Question 14

ctDNA

Answer 14

circulating tumor DNA

Question 15

DNA

Answer 15

deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 16

EGFR

Answer 16

epidermal growth factor receptor

Question 17

ER

Answer 17

estrogen receptor

Question 18

FNA

Answer 18

fine needle aspiration

Question 19

5-FU

Answer 19

5-fluorouracil

Question 20

GIST

Answer 20

gastrointestinal stromal tumor

Question 21

Gy

Answer 21

gray—unit of absorbed radiation dose

Question 22

H&E

Answer 22

hematoxylin and eosin—dye combination used to stain cells

Question 23

HER2

Answer 23

human epidermal growth factor receptor 2—growth factor gene activated in cells of certain types of breast cancer

Question 24

IGRT

Answer 24

intensity-modulated gated radiation therapy—use of imaging mechanism attached to linear accelerator is added to IMRT to gate (track) a tumor moving during respiration

Question 25

IHC

Answer 25

immunohistochemistry

Question 26

IMRT

Answer 26

intensity-modulated radiation therapy—high doses of radiation are delivered directly to cancer cells in a targeted way, more precisely than in conventional radiotherapy

Question 27

IO

Answer 27

immuno-oncology

Question 28

IORT

Answer 28

intraoperative radiation therapy

Question 29

mets

Answer 29

metastases

Question 30

mAb (MAB)

Answer 30

monoclonal antibody; -mab indicates that a drug is a monoclonal antibody

Question 31

NED

Answer 31

no evidence of disease

Question 32

NF

Answer 32

neurofibromatosis

Question 33

NHL

Answer 33

non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Question 34

NSCLC

Answer 34

non–small cell lung cancer

Question 35

Pap smear

Answer 35

Papanicolaou smear

Question 36

PD

Answer 36

progressive disease

Question 37

PET

Answer 37

positron emission tomography—radioactive forms of glucose tracer is used to find tumor location

Question 38

PET-CT

Answer 38

combination of positron emission tomography plus computed tomography to locate areas of tumor growth

Question 39

PET-MRI

Answer 39

combination of positron emission tomography plus magnetic resonance imaging to locate areas of tumor growth

Question 40

PR

Answer 40

partial response

Question 41

prot.

Answer 41

protocol

Question 42

PSA

Answer 42

prostate-specific antigen

Question 43

PSCT

Answer 43

peripheral stem cell transplantation

Question 44

PSRS

Answer 44

proton stereotactic radiosurgery

Question 45

RNA

Answer 45

ribonucleic acid

Question 46

RT

Answer 46

radiation therapy

Question 47

SD

Answer 47

stable disease—tumor does not shrink but does not grow

Question 48

SRS

Answer 48

stereotactic radiosurgery

Question 49

TNM

Answer 49

tumor-node-metastasis

Question 50

VEGF

Answer 50

vascular endothelial growth factor

Question 51

RT, XRT

Answer 51

radiation therapy