Flashcards in Ch 9 Deck (14):
1
Identify the various types of changes across the life span
-Social: having friends and our new interactions .
-Moral:knowing right from wrong
-Personality
-physical:we get older and taller
-Cognitve: the way we process info
-Emotional changes
2
Explain the issue of nature vs. nurture
Nature: influence of genetic inheritance in human development
Nurture:Influence of environmental experiences in human development. this begins in the womb.
3
What are the different stages of prenatal development and their characteristics
-Zygote: fusion of sperm and egg
-Embryo: 3+ weeks has a heartbeat and neural tube
-Fetus: 7 months EEG detectable.
4
Define teratogens and give examples
Any substance that is harmful to developing human.
ex Fetal alcohol syndrome
5
Explain the various skills of newborns
-Rooting reflex: reflex consisting of head-turning and mouth opening when an infants cheek is stroked.
-Sucking reflex: reflex triggered by inserting a fingertip in an infant's mouth
-Crying when hungry
-Sound recognition
-face preference: like to look at human faces
6
Explain children's cognitive development as suggested by Jean Piaget.
Kids develop schemas in order to organize information to help them better understand the world.
-Assimilation: kids take in information that is comparable to what they know.
-Accommodation: process of adapting our mental frameworks to incorporate new information.
7
Explain the sensorimotor stage
-birth to 2 years
-exploration by looking, hearing, touching, mouthing and grasping
-lack object permanence ex peek a boo.
8
Explain the preoperational stage
-2 to 7 years old
-egocentric thinking
-builds symbols and schemas
-intuition but no logic/abstraction
9
explain the concrete operational stage
-7 to 11 yrs old
-logical reasoning of concrete ideas
-able to do the conservation task (the idea that mas and volume of objects remain the same despite changes in their form), seriation, simple math
10
explain the formal operational stage
-adolescence
-abstract reasoning
-adult like intellegince
11
What are Piaget's four stages of cognitive development?
Sensorimotor
Preoperational
Concrete operational
Formal operational
12
What are the three attatchment styles of infants/children
-Secure: children have caregivers that are responsive and sensitive to their needs
-Avoidant: caregiver is insensitive and inattentive to childs need
-Anxious/resistant : caregivers are inconsistent level of responsiveness to their child
13
Describe Mary Ainsworth's strange situtaion test
A mother and child are put in a room. After child gets comftrable mother leaves and a stranger enters. After the mother returns to comfort baby.
-Avoidant kids: did not care when parent left. when parent returns the child is slow to show happiness.
-Secure: distressed when parent left.easily comforted when parent returned
-Anxious/resistant: became angry at parent for leaving and was difficult to comfort
14