Changing behaviour Flashcards
Lecture 9 (15 cards)
What is applied behaviour analysis?
A systematic approach to understanding and changing behaviour using observation, measurement, and intervention based on behavioural principles.
What are the steps in creating a behaviour change plan?
- Identify the behaviour to change
- Define the problematic aspect
- Decide how to measure it
- Observe antecedents and consequences
- Develop hypotheses
- Create and implement a plan
- Measure outcomes
- Reevaluate if needed
Why is accurate measurement important in behaviour change?
It helps identify causes, evaluate interventions, and ensure the behaviour change aligns with desired outcomes.
What is a functional assessment of behaviour?
Identifying the antecedents, behaviours, and consequences (ABC) to understand what triggers and maintains a behaviour.
What are antecedents and consequences in behaviour analysis?
- Antecedents: Triggers or events that precede behaviour.
- Consequences: Outcomes that follow behaviour, reinforcing or punishing it.
What are common techniques for increasing behaviour?
Reinforcement, shaping, prompting, modeling, conditioning.
What are techniques for reducing behaviour?
Extinction, punishment, counter-conditioning, flooding, DRO/omission.
What helps maintain behaviour?
Partial reinforcement, generalisation, self-reinforcement, intrinsic motivation.
What is Protection Motivation Theory?
A model explaining behaviour change through fear and coping appraisals:
* Fear Appraisal: Severity, vulnerability, maladaptive rewards.
* Coping Appraisal: Response efficacy, self-efficacy, response cost.
What is the intention-behaviour gap?
The discrepancy between intending to change behaviour and actually doing it, often due to habit or behavioural prepotency — the tendency to repeat previously reinforced behaviours.
What are dual process theories of behaviour?
- Automatic/Implicit: Fast, low effort, habitual.
- Controlled/Explicit: Slow, high effort, deliberate.
What is behavioural prepotency?
The tendency to repeat behaviours that are habitual or previously reinforced, often overriding intentions.
How can habits be established?
Create clear triggers
Repeat behaviour consistently
Use rewards to reinforce effort
Build intrinsic motivation through mastery and meaning
What types of rewards can support behaviour change?
- Primary rewards (e.g., food)
- Activity rewards (e.g., enjoyable tasks)
- Token rewards (e.g., points)
- Intrinsic rewards (e.g., mastery, progress)
What makes a goal effective for behaviour change?
- Immediate: Can be acted on now. Well-defined: Clear and measurable.
- Achievable: Realistic within constraints.
- Meaningful: Signifies progress toward a larger goal.
