Chapt 26. Digestive system

Question 1

What is the digestive system

Answer 1

the muscular tube that starts at the oral cavity and ends at the anus

Question 2

What are the main segments of the ailementary canal

Answer 2

oral cavity. pharynx, eosphagus, stomach and small and large intestine

Question 3

What are the accessory digestive organ

Answer 3

teeth, salivary glands, pancreas, gall bladder and liver

Question 4

What are the boundaries of the oral cavity

Answer 4

anterior boundary: lips

posterior: orophayngeal isthmus
superiorly: palate
inferiorly: tongue
laterally: cheeks

Question 5

What are the lips

Answer 5

2 muscular fold -skeletal muscle fibers ( orbicularis oris).

Question 6

What is the transitional zone of the lips called

Answer 6

vermillion

Question 7

What are the components of the palate

Answer 7

has a hard and soft palate

Question 8

Describe the hard palate

Answer 8

anterior part of the roof of the oral cavity
floor of nasal cavity
made from maxillary and palatine bone
covered by mucus membrane

Question 9

Describe the soft palate

Answer 9

posterior part of the roof of the oral cavity
separates oral cavity from the nasopharynx superiorly
has a soft tissue projection: uvula

Question 10

What nerves supply the soft palate

Answer 10

CN 10

Question 11

what forms the floor of the oral cavity

Answer 11

suprahyoid muscles

Question 12

What is the function of the suprahyoid muscles

Answer 12

1. elevate hyoid
2. depress mandible
3. swallowing

Question 13

the dental arches divides the oral cavity into 2 compartments- what are they

Answer 13

1. vestibule: horse-shoe shape space: part of oral cavity sitting outside dental arches
2. oral cavity proper: part of the oral cavity sitting inside the dental arches

Question 14

What is the mucosal fold that binds the lips to the bone

Answer 14

frenulum

-superior/inferior labial frenulum

Question 15

What is the mucosal fold that attaches the tongue to the bone

Answer 15

lingual frenulum

Question 16

Describe the palatoglossal arch

Answer 16

muscular folds between palate and tongue ( soft palate and tongue)

Question 17

Describe the palatopharyngeal arch

Answer 17

muscular folds extends from the palate to the pharynx

Question 18

Where are the palatine onsils located

Answer 18

between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arch

Question 19

What is the oropharyngeal isthmus

Answer 19

It is a space: posterior part of the oral cavity

Question 20

What is the boundary between the oral cavity and oropharynx

Answer 20

oropharyngeal isthmus

Question 21

Where are the palatine tonsils located

Answer 21

oropharynx NOT the oral cavity

Question 22

What are the components of the teeth

Answer 22

crown

neck- contained within alveolar bone- only part of the tooth that comes into touch with the gum

Question 23

Describe the crown of the teeth

Answer 23

covered by enamel

has an underlayer of dentin

Question 24

Describe the dentin of the teethe

Answer 24

forms the core of the tooth

Question 25

What is in the pulp cavity

Answer 25

tooth nerves, blood vessels | -within dentin

Question 26

What is the root canal

Answer 26

extension of the pulp cavity into the roots

Question 27

What is the cementum

Answer 27

only found in the root

Question 28

What is the periodontal ligament

Answer 28

where the root is attached to

Question 29

What innervates the teeth

Answer 29

CN 5

Question 30

What supplies muscles of the tongue

Answer 30

CN 12

Question 31

How many muscles are there in the tongue

Answer 31

19

Question 32

What divides the root and the body of the tongue

Answer 32

terminal sulcus

Question 33

What is present at the root(posterior) side of the tongue

Answer 33

lingual tonsils

Question 34

What innervates the posterior 1/3 of the tongue

Answer 34

CN 9 - gives general sensory innervation - special senses: taste

Question 35

What are alternative names of the posterior end of the tongue

Answer 35

root of tongue pharyngeal part of tongue posterior 1/3 of tongue

Question 36

What are the 4 groups of the papillae

Answer 36

1. circumvallate papilla 2. fungiform papillae 3. folliate papillae 4. filiform papillae

Question 37

What innervates the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

Answer 37

CN7 :sense of taste | CN 5:it picks up the general sensory information

Question 38

What is the starting point of the pharynx

Answer 38

C6

Question 39

What level does the esophagus passes through the diaphragm

Answer 39

T10

Question 40

Where is the entrance of the stomach located

Answer 40

T11

Question 41

What are structures anterior to the esophagus

Answer 41

1. arch of aorta | 2. trachea ( at level of T4-T5)