Lecture 7. Joints part 2

Question 1

What is the glenoid labrium?

Answer 1

It is a fibrocartilage ring attached to articular surfaces to increase their congruency

Question 2

What are the ligaments supporting the glenoid-humoral joints/ adding stability

Answer 2

glenohumeral ligament

coracohumeral ligament

Question 3

What ligaments are close to the glenoid-humoral joint but does not stabilize it ?

Answer 3

coracoclavicular ligaments
coraco-acromial ligament
acromioclavicular ligament

Question 4

What is the function of the subdeltoid bursa?

Answer 4

bursae are small sacks of connective tissue separating the moving structures around the joints. the bursae are lined by a synovial membrane and filled with synovial fluid

Question 5

What are thicken parts of the articular capsule called?

Answer 5

intrinsic ligament - indicates that the ligament is part of teh capsule you cannot see the ligament separate from the capsule.

Question 6

What are the intrinsic ligaments in the glenohemerous region called

Answer 6

glenohumeral ligament

Question 7

What are the extrinsic ligaments in the glenohemerous region called

Answer 7

coracohumeral ligament – you see this ligament separate from the articular capsule

Question 8

What are intrinsic ligaments

Answer 8

ligaments that cannot be separated from the articular capsule

Question 9

What are extrinsic ligaments

Answer 9

ligaments that can be separated from the articular capsule.

Question 10

Describe the joint at the elbow

Answer 10

• can perform flexion and extension
• uniaxial
• hinge synovial joint

Question 11

What are the ligaments present at the elbow

Answer 11

• ulnar collateral ligament
• annular ligament
• radial/lateral collateral ligament

Question 12

What is the function of the ulnar collateral ligaments

Answer 12

provides stability at the medial side of the elbow

Question 13

What is the function/description of the annular ligament.

Answer 13

it is an almost complete circle holding the head of the radius close to the ulna. It stabilizes the proximal radioulnar joint.

Question 14

Describe the radial/lateral collateral ligament

Answer 14

it blends with the annular ligament - radial collateral ligament stabilizes the lateral end – it is not very well developed before 10 years of age

Question 15

What kind of joint is the ulnar collateral ligament

Answer 15

pivot, monoaxial synovial joint

Question 16

What are the 2 main components of the wrist

Answer 16

1. radio-carpal joint ( a condyloid joint - biaxial synovial joint)
2. midcarpal joint

Question 17

What is the joint formed between the distal end of the radius and the ulnar

Answer 17

distal radio-ulnar joint

Question 18

What kind of joint is the distal radio-ulnar joint

Answer 18

synovial pivot joint

Question 19

What separates the distal radio-ulnar joint from the radio-carpal joint

Answer 19

a articular disc ( which is fibrocartilaginous)

Question 20

Does the ulnar have a direct articulation with the carpals

Answer 20

NO! They are separated by the articular disc

Question 21

Where is the mid-carpal joint

Answer 21

It is the joint between the proximal and distal carpal bones

Question 22

What are the intercarpal joints

Answer 22

They are the joints between the individual carpal bones ( either distal-distal or proximal-proximal)

Question 23

Where are the carpo-metacarpal joints

Answer 23

located between the carpals and the metacarpals

Question 24

What kind of joint is the radio-carpal joint?

Answer 24

condylar joint ( synovial biaxial joint)

Question 25

What kind of joint is the mid-carpal joint?

Answer 25

synoivial planar joints

Question 26

What kind of joint is the inter-carpal joint?

Answer 26

synovial planar joints

Question 27

What type of ligaments are present at the wrist (intrinsic/extrinsic)

Answer 27

all intrinsic ligaments

Question 28

Name all the types of ligaments at the wrist

Answer 28

1. intercarpal ligaments ( can be prox-proxi , proxi-distal, distal-distal connections) 2. carpometacarpal ligaments 3. interosseous metacarpal ligaments 4. ulnar collateral ligaments 5. radial collateral ligaments

Question 29

What are the ligaments that can be found at the hip area ( anterior view)

Answer 29

1. pubofemoral ligament (pubic to femur) | 2. iliofemoral ligament (iliac to femur)

Question 30

What joint is found at the pelvic girdle (by the hip)

Answer 30

synovial multiaxial ball and socket

Question 31

What are the ligaments that can be found at the hip area ( posterior view)

Answer 31

1. iliofemoral ligament ( also seen in anterior view) | 2. ischiofemoral ligament

Question 32

Classify the following ligaments as intrinsic or extrinsic: 1. pubofemoral ligament 2. iliofemoral ligament 3. ischiofemoral ligament

Answer 32

all intrinsics

Question 33

Why does abduction of the femur result in more stability in the joint

Answer 33

stretched ligament brings articular surfaces closer together , brings more stability

Question 34

What movements make the hip-femoral joint unstable

Answer 34

1. adduction 2. medial rotation 3. flexion

Question 35

What is the acetebulum surrounded with

Answer 35

1. acetabular labrum: adds to depth | 2. transverse acteabular ligament: covers the notch at inferior part of the acetabulum

Question 36

What does the ligament of the femoral head ( AKA round ligament ) associated with

Answer 36

It associates with the head of femur and the head. It is a extrinsic ligament

Question 37

What is the function of the round ligament ( AKA the ligament of the femoral head)

Answer 37

carries an artery that supplies blood to the head of the filament

Question 38

What are the ligaments found at the joint between the femur and the tibia

Answer 38

1. posterior cruciate ligament | 2. anterior cruciate ligament

Question 39

What is the function of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligament respectively

Answer 39

provides anterior and posterior stability at the knee joints - prevent excess movement in the anterior and posterior direction

Question 40

Describe the posterior cruciate ligament

Answer 40

PAIn P: posterior cruciate ligament A: moves anteriorly ( direction of the ligament) In: internal condyle ( means the medial condyle)

Question 41

Describe the anterior cruciate ligament

Answer 41

APEx A: anterior cruciate ligament P: moves posterior Ex: external condyle ( so lateral end )

Question 42

What is the function of the meniscus

Answer 42

incomplete fibrocartilage rings attached to the articular surfaces to increase their congruency

Question 43

What are the 2 meniscus that are present at the tibia and knee joint

Answer 43

1. lateral meniscus | 2. medial meniscus

Question 44

What are the 2 ligaments by the knee-joints that provide side to side stability

Answer 44

1. tibial collateral ligament | 2. fibular collateral ligament

Question 45

What are the ligaments found by the ankle

Answer 45

1. medial (deltoid) ligament | 2. lateral ligament