Lecture4. Humerus+ Ulna+Radius

Question 0

How many curvatures are there in the clavicle ?

Answer 0

There are two curvatures. One more anterior is closer to the medial end whereas the more posterior one is closer to the lateral end

Question 1

How do you differentiate between two ends of the clavicle ?

Answer 1

The medial end of the clavicle is rounder whereas the lateral end of the clavicle is flatter.
Medial end = sternal end
Lateral end = acromial end

Question 2

Where is the weakest part of the clavicle

Answer 2

It is ⅔ from the medial end or ⅓ from the lateral end

Question 4

How many angles are at the scapula. What are the three angles.

Answer 4

Three angles. Superior angle, inferior angle and lateral angle

Question 5

What are the 2 pairs of girdle we have

Answer 5

shoulder and pelvic girdle

Question 6

Which skeletal components are girdles a part of

Answer 6

part of the appendicular skeleton. They are bones that connect the appendicular skeleton to the axial skeleton

Question 7

What are the bones that connect the upper limb to the axial skeleton

Answer 7

The clavicle and scapula. both bones form the shoulder girdle

Question 8

What type of bone is the clavicle

Answer 8

Long bone. Only long bone that does not have a medullary canal and it sits horizontally

Question 9

How do you differentiate between the medial sternal end of the clavicle from the acromial lateral end of the clavicle

Answer 9

The lateral acromial end is flatter, than the sternal medial end is rounder

Question 10

Describe the curvature of the clavicle bone at the end close to the medial end

Answer 10

It is convex anteriorly

Question 11

Describe the curvicature of the clavicle bons at the acromial end

Answer 11

It is convex posteriorly

Question 12

Where is the weakest part of the clavicle

Answer 12

It is at the junction at the lateral 2/3 and medial 1/3

Question 13

What are the 3 angles and borders of the scapula

Answer 13

angles: superior angle, inferior angle, lateral angle ( OR Glenoid cavity)
borders: superior, medial (OR vertebral), lateral borders

Question 14

What is the fossa at the anterior surface of teh scapula called

Answer 14

subscapular fossa

Question 15

What does the glenoid cavity articulate with

Answer 15

The glenoid cavity articulates with the head of the humerus and forms teh shoulder joint

Question 16

What is the structure of the scapula that points laterally and anteriorly

Answer 16

coracoid process

Question 17

Identify the acromion

Answer 17

pg 4 of lecture note. It is the lateral end of the spine of scapula

Question 18

Where is the spine of the scapula located. What does the spine of scapula give rise to?

Answer 18

posterior end of teh scapula. The lateral end gives rise to the acromion

Question 19

What are the 2 fossae that arise due to the division made by the spine of scapula

Answer 19

the supraspinous fossa and infraspinous fossa. The supra is smaller than the infraspinous

Question 20

Where is the anatomical neck of the humerus

Answer 20

It is the shallow groove inferior to the head of humerus ( the head articulates with the glenoid cavity)

Question 21

What is the groove between the greater and lesser tubercle of the humerus

Answer 21

intertubercular groove

Question 22

Where do most of the fractures in the humerus occur

Answer 22

surgical neck

Question 23

identify the medial and lateral epicondyle, which is more prominent?

Answer 23

medial epicondyle is more palpable

Question 24

What is ridge above the lateral and medial epicondyle

Answer 24

lateral supracondylar ridge and medial supracondylar ridge

Question 25

Identify the trochlea and capitulum

Answer 25

LN

Question 26

What are the 2 fossa found above the trochlea and capitulum respectively at the anterior end of the humerus

Answer 26

coronoid fossa and radial fossa respectively

Question 27

where is the radial groove in the humerus located?

Answer 27

posterior aspect of the shaft of the body of the humerus

Question 28

What does radial groove house?

Answer 28

houses the radial nerve

Question 29

Where can the capitulum be seen in the humerus? posterior/anterior/both

Answer 29

anterior face only

Question 30

Where can the trochlea be seen in the humerus? anterior/posterior/both

Answer 30

both

Question 31

What is found above the posterior side of the trochlea

Answer 31

olecranon fossa

Question 32

What are the 2 long bones found at the forearm,

Answer 32

ulna and radius

Question 33

What are the 2 processes of the ulna that articulate with the trochlea

Answer 33

1. olecranon process occupies the olecranon fossa | 2. coroniod process occupies the coronoid fossa when articulated

Question 34

What is the border of the ulna that attaches to the interosseous membrane that attaches the ulna and radius together

Answer 34

the interosseous border

Question 35

Where is the styloid process of the radius

Answer 35

you can see it when you flex your wrist it is the bump at the medial side

Question 36

How many carpal bones are there in ONE hand

Answer 36

8 bones, arranged to proximal and distal row

Question 37

Name the bones of the carpal at the proximal role starting from the lateral side

Answer 37

1. scaphoid bone 2. lunate bone 3. triquetrum 4. pisiform

Question 38

Name the bones of the carpal at the distal role starting from the lateral side

Answer 38

1. trapezium 2. trapezoid 3. capitate 4. hamate (has a hook)

Question 39

Which are the carpal bones that are most vulnerables

Answer 39

scaphoid ( fracture-prone) | lunate ( dislocation-prone)

Question 40

What is the proximal and distal end of the metacarpals called?

Answer 40

proximal: base of the metacarpal | distal end: head of the metacarpal

Question 41

How are the metacarpal numbered

Answer 41

The thumb is numbered 1 | whereas the pinky is numbered 5.

Question 42

Describe the phalanges of the hand

Answer 42

all fingers except the thumb have 3 sections: proximal, middle and distal phalanges. The thumb has 2 sections: proximal and distal. The ends of the phalanges are also classified according to proximal /distal direction being the base and head respectively