Lecture 23. Lymphatic system

Question 1

What composes of the lymphatic system

Answer 1

lymph
lymphatic vessels
lymphatic organs

Question 2

What are the lymphatic organs

Answer 2

red bone marrow 
thymus 
lymph nodes
tonsils 
spleen

Question 3

What are the functions of the lymphatic system?

Answer 3

1. drains excess interstitial fluid
2. transports dietary lipids
3. filters the ymph blood
4. carries out immunological response

Question 4

What are MALTS in the digestive system called?

Answer 4

peyer’s patches

Question 5

content of lymph

Answer 5

15% interstitial fluid 
cell debris 
dead cells 
chylomicrons 
lymphocites

Question 6

What are lymph ducts and lymph trunks

Answer 6

lymph trunks: medium size lymphatic vessels

lymphatic ducts: large size lymphatic vessels

Question 7

name major lymph nodes

Answer 7

cervical, axillary, lumbar and inguinal lymph nodes

Question 8

What is the function of afferent lymphatic vessels

Answer 8

bring lymph into the lymph nodes

Question 9

What is the function of the lymph nodes

Answer 9

filters the lymph

Question 10

Where are efferent vessels of the lymph nodes found

Answer 10

found on cancave surface of the lymph nodes, also known as hilum of lymph nodes

Question 11

Where are the afferent vessels of the lymph nodes found

Answer 11

found on the convex surface of the lymph nodes

Question 12

What divides the lymph nodes into smaller segments

Answer 12

trabeculae

Question 13

What can you find mostly in the lymphoid follicles

Answer 13

B cells.

Question 14

what is the function of the sinus

Answer 14

it provides channels for the lymph entering the lymph nodes which presents the antigens to the B cells.

Question 15

How many lobes does the sinus have

Answer 15

2 lobes, found in both superior and anterior mediastinum

Question 16

What is the function of the thymus

Answer 16

T-cell education, allows T cells to be activated and become mature

Question 17

What takes over the function of the thymus

Answer 17

bone marrow, and

Question 18

What are the 2 organs that have the same size as your fist

Answer 18

heart and spleen

Question 19

What abdominal area is the spleen located

Answer 19

left hypochondriac region

Question 20

what are the 2 surfaces of the spleen

Answer 20

medial surface ( visceral surface) 
lateral surface (diaphragmatic surface)

Question 21

What ribs guard the spleen

Answer 21

ribs 9, 10 , 11

Question 22

What is the function of the spleen

Answer 22

filters old and damaged RBC from the blood to store platelets

Question 23

what are the major structures passing through the hilum region of the spleen

Answer 23

splenic vein. artery and splenic lymphatic vessel

Question 24

What is the part of the pharynx sitting behind the nasal cavity

Answer 24

nasopharynx

Question 25

What is the part of the pharynx sitting behind the oral cavity

Answer 25

oropharynx

Question 26

How many tonsils do we have and where are they located

Answer 26

1. pharyngeal tonsil : found at the nasopharynx 2. palatine tonsil ( a pair): either side of the oropharynx 3. linguil tonsils: posterior 1/3 of tongue

Question 27

Describe the structure of the lymphatic vessels

Answer 27

lymphatic vessel join to form

Question 28

function of lumbar trunk

Answer 28

collect lymph from abdominal cavity ( posterior abdominal wall - kidney) and pelvic viscera and lower limbs

Question 29

function of intestional trunk

Answer 29

abdominal viscera lymph is collected

Question 30

What forms the cisterna chyli

Answer 30

lumbar and intestinal trunk

Question 31

What drains into the thoraxic duct

Answer 31

left branchiomediatinum and the cisterna chyli

Question 32

where is the level of the cisterna chyli

Answer 32

T12-L1 `

Question 33

what drains into the venous system

Answer 33

thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct

Question 34

What dorms the right lymphatic duct

Answer 34

union of the right subclavian and right jugular trunks

Question 35

function of the right subclavian trunk

Answer 35

receives lymph from the right upper limb, right half of the thorax

Question 36

function of the right jugular trunk

Answer 36

receives lymph from the right side of the head and neck

Question 37

function of the ingunal lymph nodes

Answer 37

empties into the pelvic lymph nodes

Question 38

function and drainage of the a. pre-aortic lymph nodes b. para-aortic lymph nodes

Answer 38

a. pre-aortic lymph nodes: drains lymph from GI tract from liver, pancreas and spleen. drains into the intestinal trunk b. para-aortic lymph nodes: empties into the cisterna chyli through the lumbar trunks