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CAPS 391 > Lecture2. Skull > Flashcards

Lecture2. Skull Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

What are the main functions of the skeletal system

A
  1. movement
  2. support
  3. protection
  4. mineral homeostasis - calcium and phosphorous storage
  5. blood cell production (RBC)
  6. storage of minerals and lipids
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2
Q

How many different types of bones are in the body? What are the different types of bones in the body

A

6 types

  1. long bones
  2. irregular bones
  3. short bones
  4. flat bones
  5. sesamoid bones
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3
Q

What is the largest sesamoid bone in the body?

A

kneecap

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4
Q

What are the 2 skeletons in the skeletal system

A
  1. axial skeleton

2. apendicular skeleton

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5
Q

How are bones typically classified?

A

By their shape

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6
Q

How do we classify the sesamoid bone?

A

Sesamoid bones embedded within the tendons of muscles. Prevent the rubbing of tendon against the joint (protect tendon)

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7
Q

What is the function of the patella (recall patella= kneecap)

A

increases the muscle mechanical efficiency of the muscle

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8
Q

What constitutes the axial skeleton

A

skull
vertebral column
bony thorax (ribs)

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9
Q

Name all the axial bones ( ie. identify all bones on page 2 of L2)

A 
scapula 
sternum
all bones in the skull
rib
vertebra
sacrum
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10
Q

Is your clavicle part of the axial skeleton

A

No

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11
Q

What are the 2 major groups of bones in the skull

A
  1. neurocranium -forms bones that protect the brain

2. viscerocranium - forms bones on face

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12
Q

What bone forms the forehead. paired/unpaired

A

frontal bone. single unpaired bone

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13
Q

What bone forms the upper jaw. paired/unpaired

A

Maxilla. paired bone

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14
Q

What bone forms the lower jaw

A

mandible. unpaired

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15
Q

What is the cheek bone called. paired/unpaired

A

zygomatic bone. paired bone

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16
Q

What bone is altered in a nose job

A

nasal bone

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17
Q

What are the 3 openings that connect the cranium to the orbital cavity

A
  1. superior orbital fissure
  2. optic canal
  3. inferior orbital fissure
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18
Q

How many paired bones are in the nasal conchae

A

There are 3 pairs of bones

  1. superior nasal conchae
  2. middle nasal conchae
  3. inferior nasal conchae
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19
Q

How many bones are in the neurocranium?

A

8 bones. occupital bones, 2 temporal bones, 2 parietal bones, frontal bone, ethmoid bone, sphenoid bone)
-found on wiki

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20
Q

How many bones are present in the viscerocanium

A

14 bones

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21
Q

Draw where the occipital, temporal, parietal and frontal bone in a lateral direction of the skull

A

pg 7 of L2

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22
Q

What are the bones that form the zygmatic arch

A

zygomatic bone + temporal bone

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23
Q

What does the lacrimal bone carry

A

Lacrimal duct: starts from eyes to the nose, passes tears from eyes to nasal cavity

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24
Q

Identify the mastoid and styloid process

A

pg 7 of L2

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25
Where is the entrance to the ear
External acoustic/auditory meatus
26
Where is the styloid process with respect to the external acoustic meatus
immediately inferior
27
What is the suture that separates the parietal bones
sagittal bone
28
What is the suture that separates the pair of parietal bones with the occipital bone
lambdiod suture
29
What are the bony processes found at the mandible
condylar and coronoid process
30
Identify all areas on pg 7 of L2
pg7 L2
31
What is the body of the mandible called
Ramus
32
Identify where the external occipital protuberence is
pg 8 L2
33
What is lambda
the connection point between the lambdiod suture and sagittal suture
34
What is bregma
It the connection point between the sagittal suture and coronal suture
35
What is a calvaria
roof of the skull
36
Which points are not completely ossified in babies ?
the lambda and bregma points
37
What is bregma called in babies
anterior fantanell. turns into bone 12-18 months later
38
What is lambda called in babies
posterior fatanell. turns to bone in 6 months
39
What are the bones that form the hard palate
maxilla and palatine (both paired bones)
40
What is the posterior opening of the nasal cavities called
Choana
41
What makes the nasal septum that separates the nasal cavities
Vomer
42
What is the process found in the sphenoid bone
pteygoid process
43
Identify all structures on pg 10
pg 10
44
What is the condyle connected to the first cervical vertebrae
occipital condyle
45
what is the difference between the cranium and skull
the cranium + mandible = skull. | so cranium does not include the mandible
46
What are the 3 cavities of the cranium
1. anterior cranial fossa 2. middle cranial fossa 3. posterior cranial fossa
47
Label all the parts on pg 10,11 and 12 of L 2
10,11, 12
48
Where is the passage of the olfactory nerve
roof of the nasal cavity at the cribiform plate (it is a bony process) of the ethmoid bone
49
What is the first cranial nerve
olfactory nerve
50
What separates the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone
crista galli separates the cribiform plate
51
What are the components of the sphenoid
lesser and greater wing
52
Where is the optic canal found
sphenoid
53
Where does the pituitary gland sit
hypophyseal fossa of the sella turcica, a shallow cavity found in the sphenoid
54
What are the openings of the sphenoid
1. optic canal 2. foramen rotundum 3. foramen ovale 4. foramen spinosum 5. foramen lacerum
55
Where is petrous located
temporal bone
56
Describe the petrous
hardest part of your skull. Contains the middle and inner ear.
57
What passes through the foramen lacerum
Nothing - sealed with fibrocartilage
58
Where is the foramen magnum located
occipital bone.
59
What is located at the foramen magnum
Medulla oblongata
60
What openings are found in the temporal bone
jugular foramen | internal acoustic meatus

CAPS 391 (33 decks)

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