Chapter 1

Question 1

Organism

Answer 1

Living individual

Question 2

Atoms

Answer 2

Particles that all living structures are composed of at the Smallest scale

Question 3

Molecules

Answer 3

Atoms bonded together

Question 4

Organelles

Answer 4

Grouped together molecules that are compartments that carry out specialized functions in the cell

Question 5

Cell

Answer 5

Basic unit of life

Question 6

Tissues

Answer 6

Grouped cells with functions the make up organs

Question 7

Organs

Answer 7

Made up of tissues

Question 8

Organ systems

Answer 8

Multiple organs linked together

Question 9

Population

Answer 9

Members of the same species occupying the same place at the same time

Question 10

Community

Answer 10

Populations of different species in a region

Question 11

Ecosystem

Answer 11

Living and no living components of an area

Question 12

Biosphere

Answer 12

All parts of the planet that can support life

Question 13

Emergent properties

Answer 13

Complex functions that arise from physical and chemical interactions among a systems components

Question 14

Producers

Answer 14

(Autotrophs) make their own food by extracting energy and nutrients from no living sources

Question 15

Consumers

Answer 15

Obtain energy and nutrients by eating other organisms living or dead. (heterotrophs)

Question 16

Decomposers

Answer 16

Heterotrophs that obtain energy and nutrients from waste or dead organisms

Question 17

Homeostasis

Answer 17

Process by which a cell or organism maintains a state on equilibrium

Question 18

Asexual reproduction

Answer 18

Genetic information comes from one parent and all offspring are identical

Question 19

Sexual reproduction

Answer 19

Genetic material from two parents United to form an offspring which has new combinations of traits

Question 20

Adaptation

Answer 20

An inherited characteristic or behavior that enables an organism to survive and reproduce successfully

Question 21

Natural selection

Answer 21

Process in which individuals with certain inherited traits contribute more offspring to the next generation than do the individual lacking those traits

Question 22

Evolution

Answer 22

A change in the genetic make up of a population over multiple generations

Question 23

Taxonomy

Answer 23

Biological science in naming and classifying organisms

Question 24

Species

Answer 24

Basic unit of classification which designates a distinctive type of organism

Question 25

Genus

Answer 25

Grouping of closely related species

Question 26

Domains

Answer 26

All species fall into one.
Broadest and most inclusive taxonomic category.
3 domains: bacteria, archaea, and eukarya

Question 27

Kingdoms

Answer 27

Species in each domain are subdivided into kingdoms

Within each kingdom organisms share the same general strategy for acquiring energy

Question 28

Scientific method

Answer 28

General way of using evidence to answer questions and test ideas

Question 29

Hypothesis

Answer 29

Tentative explanation for one or more observations

Question 30

Predictions

Answer 30

Often a if-then statement.

Question 31

Experiment

Answer 31

Testing a hypothesis under controlled conditions

Question 32

Variable

Answer 32

Changeable element of an experiment

Question 33

Independent variable

Answer 33

Variable that is directly manipulated by investigator

Question 34

dependent variable

Answer 34

Any response that may depend on the value of the independent variable

Question 35

Standardized variable

Answer 35

Constant variable

Question 36

Control (control group)

Answer 36

Untreated group of individuals in an experiment

Question 37

Placebo

Answer 37

An inert substance that resembles the treatment given to the experimental group but it really isn’t.

Question 38

Statistical significance

Answer 38

The probability that the results arose purely by chance

Question 39

Theory

Answer 39

An explanation for a natural phenomenon like a hypothesis but broader

Question 40

Technology

Answer 40

Practical application of scientific knowledge