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Anthropology > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following best describes the central purpose of anthropology?

A

Describing humankind

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2
Q

What is the critical goal of cultural anthropology as an academic discipline?

A

Describe, analyze, and explain different cultures

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3
Q

Anthropology takes a holistic approach to explaining human behavior by studying _____.

A

The integration of biological, sociocultural, and environmental factors

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4
Q

Archeology, cultural anthropology, _____, and ______ are all sub-disciplines of anthropology.

A

Biological anthropology; linguistic anthropology

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5
Q

The subspecialty of biological anthropology, ______, maps physiological differences among humans.

A

Human variation

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6
Q

Two subfields of archeology are _____ and ______.

A

Urban archeology; cultural resource management (CRM)

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7
Q

Which type of anthropologist does not directly observe human behavior and culture?

A

Archeologists

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8
Q

Which type of scientists within the field of anthropology would most likely study the quality and accessibility of health care in minority communities?

A

Applied anthropologist

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9
Q

According to the text, why is it useful for historical linguists to understand the relationship among various languages?

A

They reveal the history and migrations of those who speak them.

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10
Q

A critical insight of medical anthropology is that _____.

A

Disease and medicine never exist independently from culture

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11
Q

Syndemics is the study of ______.

A

Disease in social contexts

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12
Q

Which statement is true regarding disease and illness?

A

Disease is biological condition and illness is how a culture deals with sickness.

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13
Q

_______ challenges and corrects ethnocentrism.

A

Anthropology

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14
Q

A distinguishing characteristic of Western ethnocentrism is that _____.

A

Westerners have often been in a position to impose their view of culture upon others

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15
Q

When ethnocentrism targets a specific ethnic group, it can lead to ______.

A

Racism

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16
Q

What is cultural relativism?

A

The notion that cultures should be viewed through the lens of a native

17
Q

Biopsychological equality is the notion that ____.

A

All human groups have equal biological and mental capabilities

18
Q

Traits such as skin color, hair color and texture, and nose shape are often chosen to determine race because _______.

A

They are easily visible

19
Q

Which of the following statements is true regarding race and genetics?

A

Individual differences are greater than the sum of differences between groups.

20
Q

Which statement accurately describes genetic difference in humans?

A

Individual humans are more similar than they are different

21
Q

A1990 study identified _____ as one of the most common dangers anthropologist face during fieldwork.

A

Malaria

22
Q

How had anthropological fieldwork changed since the mid-20th century?

A

Anthropologist today are more accessible and more accountable to their audiences.

23
Q

Early anthropologist were most likely to view societies as ______.

A

Separate individual cultures

24
Q

According to the text, today anthropologist focus more on _____.

A

The relationships between cultures

25
Q

Globalization has influenced the discipline of anthropology by ______.

A

Increasing the political involvement of anthropologists

26
Q

Which statement is true regarding multiculturalism?

A

It is inevitable in an increasingly globalized world.

27
Q

How does anthropology prepare students for the workforce?

A

Jobs requiring anthropological skills are growing rapidly.

28
Q

Why is studying culture important in today’s world?

A

The importance of globalization

29
Q

As of 2018, the world population is ______.

A

7.6 billion

30
Q

Survivor International reports that about _____ tribes around the world refuse contact with outsiders.

A

100

31
Q

True/False

Human are primates

A

True

32
Q

True/False

A cultural universal is a cultural norm that is performed in the same way across cultures.

A

False

33
Q

True/False

Many animals exhibit culture like humans.

A

False

34
Q

True/False

The U. S. government is one of the largest employers of anthropologist

A

True

35
Q

True/False

Medical ills are closely tied to social problems

A

True

36
Q

True/False

Some human societies lack culture.

A

False

37
Q

True/False

Race is genetic and material reality.

A

False

38
Q

True/False

The link between ethnocentrism and racism underlies much of the structural inequality that characterizes modern history.

A

True

39
Q

True/False

Genetically, humans are all 99.9% the same.

A

True

Anthropology (9 decks)

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