Chapter 11 Flashcards
(14 cards)
Industrial Revolution
A period of rapid growth in the use of machines in manufacturing and production that began in the mid-1700’s in England. When it came to the U.S. it began in New England with textile mills.
capitalist
Person who invests capital, or money, in a business to earn a profit.
interchangeable parts
Identical components that can be used in place of one another in manufacturing created by Eli Whitney.
urbanization
Movement of people from rural areas to cities.
telegraph
A device that used electrical signals to send messages quickly over long distances that was invented by Samuel Morse.
Potato Famine
This was the famine that occurred in Ireland that killed of thousands of people because the main potato crop could not grow because of bad soil that year. This caused my Irish to immigrate to the U.S.
nativist
A person who favors those born in his country and is opposed to immigrants.
Erie Canal (1825)
New York state canal that linked Lake Erie to the Hudson River. It dramatically lowered shipping costs/shipping times, created an economic boom in upstate New York and made it easier to ship goods from the Midwest to the East coast.
Cotton Gin
A machine for cleaning the seeds from cotton fibers that was invented by Eli Whitney in 1793. This increased the demand for more land and slaves to plant cotton in the South.
Steam engine
An engine that uses the expansion or rapid condensation of steam to generate power.
Power loom
Machine the wove threads faster to create cloth.
Cyrus McCormick Reaper
Horse-drawn machine that greatly increased the amount of wheat a farmer could harvest and invented by Cyrus McCormick in 1831.
Robert Fulton and the Clermont
A famous inventor who designed and built America’s first steamboat, the Clermont in 1807.
Missouri Compromise of 1820 or Compromise of 1820
Allowed Missouri to enter the union as a slave state, Maine to enter the union as a free state and prohibited slavery north of latitude 36˚ 30’ within the Louisiana Territory (1820).
