Chapter 11 Digestive Disorders

Question 1

Adhesion

Answer 1

Abnormal growing together of two peritoneal surfaces that are normally separated.

Question 2

Celiac disease

Answer 2

Malabsorption syndrome caused by an immune reaction to gluten (a protein in wheat, rye, and barley) that may damage the lining of the small intestine that is responsible for absorption of food into the bloodstream.

Question 3

Cirrhosis

Answer 3

Chronic disease of the liver with gradual destruction of cells and formation of scar tissue.

Question 4

Crohn disease

Answer 4

Chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract usually affecting the ileum and colon

Question 5

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Answer 5

Abnormal backward flow of the gastrointestinal contents into the esophagus causing heartburn.

Question 6

Hemochromatosis

Answer 6

Iron metabolism disorder that occurs when too much iron is absorbed from food. Can cause heart failure, diabetes, cirrhosis or cancer of the liver.

Question 7

Hemorrhoids

Answer 7

Swollen or distended veins in the rectal area which may be internal or external and be a source of rectal bleeding and pain

Question 8

Ileus

Answer 8

Non mechanical obstruction of the intestine, often caused by failure of peristalsis

Question 9

Intussusception

Answer 9

Telescoping of a section of the intestine

Question 10

Irritable bowel syndrome

Answer 10

Periodic disturbances of bowel function, such as diarrhea or constipation usually associated with abdominal pain

Question 11

Obesity

Answer 11

Excess of body fat

Question 12

Peptic ulcer

Answer 12

Erosion of the mucous membrane of the stomach or duodenum associated with increased secretion of acid from the stomach, bacterial infection or non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs

Question 13

Polyp

Answer 13

Tumor like growth extending outward from a mucous membrane, usually benign, common sites are in the nose, throat and intestines.

Question 14

Ulcerative colitis

Answer 14

Inflammation of the colon with the formation of ulcers that produces bloody diarrhea.

Question 15

Volvulus

Answer 15

Twisting or kinking of the intestine causing obstruction

Question 16

Abdominoperineal reaction

Answer 16

Removal of the distal colon and rectum through both abdominal and perineal approaches.

Question 17

Anastomosis

Answer 17

Connection created by surgically joining two structures, such as blood vessels or bowel segments.

Question 18

Bariatric surgery

Answer 18

Surgical reduction of gastric capacity to treat morbid obesity

Question 19

Hemorrhoidectomy

Answer 19

Excision of hemorrhoids, the swollen or distended veins in the recital regions

Question 20

Vagotomy

Answer 20

Cutting of certain branches of the vagus nerve, performed with gastric surgery, to reduce the amount of gastric acid produced and thus reduce the recurrence of ulcers