Chapter 11 Practice Questions

Question 1

Which of the following is a cordlike structure formed from fibrous connective tissue that connects bones together?

Answer 1

ligaments

Question 2

Select all that are parts of a long bone:
• Medullary cavity
• Suture
• Epiphysis
• Periosteum

Answer 2

• Medullary cavity
• Epiphysis
• Periosteum

Question 3

Rank in order as they occur the four steps of bone repair:
• Hematoma
• Bony callus
• Fibrocartilaginous callus
• Remodeling

Answer 3

1. Hematoma
2. Fibrocartilaginous callus
3. Bony callus
4. Remodeling

Question 4

What makes cartilage specifically suited for absorbing impact?

Answer 4

It lacks nerves

Question 5

The bone tissue that consists of units called osteons is called ______ bone tissue.

Answer 5

compact

Question 6

Where are trabeculae found?

Answer 6

Spongy bone

Question 7

Select all of the following situations that require bone remodeling
• Development
• Shape changing
• Breaking
• Healing

Answer 7

• Shape changing

* Healing

Question 8

______ refers to the formation of bone.

Answer 8

Ossification

Question 9

Select all of the connective tissue of the skeletal system:
• Muscle
• Nerve
• Tendon
• Bone
• Cartilage
• Ligament

Answer 9

• Bone
• Cartilage
• Ligament

Question 10

Most bones grow in length and width during adolescence, but some continue enlarging until about age:

Answer 10

25 years

Question 11

The tiny chambers in osteons that contain osteocytes are ______.

Answer 11

Lacunae

Question 12

Where is the periosteum located?

Answer 12

It is a layer of fibrous connective tissue that covers a bone

Question 13

A chemical messenger produced in one place in the body and acting on another is a ______.

Answer 13

Hormone

Question 14

Which of the following are functions of the human skeletal system?
• Produces blood cells
• Secretes hormones
• Transmits impulses
• Stores necessary minerals
• Protects internal organs

Answer 14

• Produces blood cells
• Stores necessary minerals
• Protects internal organs

Question 15

A bone’s ability to respond throughout life to injury and stress is called bone ______.

Answer 15

Remodeling

Question 16

What is the cavity in the diaphysis that is filled with yellow bone marrow?

Answer 16

Medullary cavity

Question 17

Select all of the following that describes cartilage:
• Within lacunae
• Compact or spongy
• No blood vessels
• No nerves
• Get-like matrix

Answer 17

• Within lacunae
• No blood vessels
• No nerves
• Get-like matrix

Question 18

Bones that form between sheets of fibrous connective tissue develop through ______ ossification.

Answer 18

Intramembranous

Question 19

Select all of the following that characterize the epiphysis of a long bone:
• Blood cells are made here
• Composed of spongy bone
• Coated with hyaline cartilage
• Contains yellow bone marrow

Answer 19

• Blood cells are made here
• Composed of spongy bone
• Coated with hyaline cartilage

Question 20

Which of the following contains rows of cells with collagen fibers arranged in bundles?
A. Fibrous connective tissue
B. Fibrocartilage
C. Hyaline cartilage
D. Elastic dartilage

Answer 20

Fibrous connective tissue

Question 21

What process regulates calcium in the blood?

Answer 21

Bone recycling

Question 22

Simple break

Answer 22

The break does not pierce the skin

Question 23

Spiral break

Answer 23

A ragged break due to twisted bone

Question 24

Compound break

Answer 24

The bone pierces the skin

Question 25

Incomplete break

Answer 25

The bone is not in separate parts

Question 26

Impacted break

Answer 26

The broken ends are wedged together

Question 27

What gives flexibility to elastic cartilage?

Answer 27

Elastin fibers

Question 28

______ are mature bone cells that maintain the structure of bone.

Answer 28

Osteocytes

Question 29

What is the function of red bone marrow?

Answer 29

The production of blood cells

Question 30

Select all of the following statements that describe osteocytes: • Mature bone cell • Maintain the structure of the bone • Derived from osteoblasts • Promote deposition of calcium salts into the matrix

Answer 30

* Mature bone cell * Maintain the structure of the bone * Derived from osteoblasts

Question 31

IN bone tissue, cells called osteoclasts break the tissue matrix down and deposit ______ and ______ into the blood.

Answer 31

Calcium, and phosphate

Question 32

Which cell promotes the calcification or ossification of the matrix?

Answer 32

Osteoblast

Question 33

Bone stress and exercise will lead to ______ stimulation, as opposed to osteoclast stimulation.

Answer 33

Osteoblast

Question 34

Osteoblast

Answer 34

Bone forming cell

Question 35

Osteoclast

Answer 35

Bone recylcing cell

Question 36

Oseocyte

Answer 36

Bone maintaining cell

Question 37

``` Select all of the following that describe yellow bone marrow: • Production of white blood cells • Fat storage • Production of red blood cells • An energy reserve ```

Answer 37

* Fat storage | * An energy reserve

Question 38

The ______ is the central shaft, the largest part, of the long bone.

Answer 38

Diaphysis

Question 39

During endochondral ossification, ______ tissue is gradually replaced by a calcified ______ matrix.

Answer 39

Cartilage, bone

Question 40

``` Select all of the following that describe an osteocyte: • Break down bone • Derived from osteoblasts • Mature bone cell • Maintain the structure of bone • Derived from osteoclasts ```

Answer 40

* Derived from osteoblasts * Mature bone cell * Maintain the structure of bone