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Physics 130: Lecture Slide (Chapter Review) > Chapter 13: Liquid > Flashcards

Chapter 13: Liquid Flashcards

1
Q

The force per unit area that one object exerts on another

A

Depends on area over which force is distributed

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2
Q

Depends on area over which force is distributed, large area and small area have both

A

1) Smaller force
2) Larger force

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3
Q

Two blocks have the same weight, but the rightmost block exerts more

A

Pressure on the table

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4
Q

When you stand on one foot instead of two, the force you exert on the floor is

A

The same

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5
Q

When you stand on one foot instead of two, the pressure you exert on the floor is

A

More

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6
Q

Pressure

A

Force per unit area that a liquid exerts on an object

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7
Q

The liquid exerts a pressure on the bottom area of

A

The container

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8
Q

Depth dependent and not the volume

A

Dependent

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9
Q

Swim twice as deep, then twice as much weight of water above you produces

A

Twice as much pressure on you

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10
Q

Each layer holds the weight of the previous layers

A

Ex:
1) 2nd layer holds the weight of the 1st layer
2) 3rd layer holds the weight of the 1st and 2nd layer

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11
Q

Pressure in a liquid, the depth of the container was

A

Significant (depth matter)

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12
Q

Independent of shape of container, whatever the shape of the container, pressure at any particular depth is

A

The same

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13
Q

Acts equally in all directions, force pressing against a surface add up to a

A

Net force perpendicular to the surface

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14
Q

Water pressure provided by a water tower is

A

Greater if the tower is taller

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15
Q

Buoyancy

A

Apparent loss of weight of a submerged object, amount equals the weight of water displace

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16
Q

Displacement rule

A

A completely submerged object always displaces a volume of liquid equal to its own volume

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17
Q

Buoyant force

A

Net upward force that a fluid exerts on an immersed object is equal to weight of water displaced

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18
Q

The difference in the upward and downward forces acting on a submerged block is

A

The same at any depth

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19
Q

Whether an object sinks or floats (or does neither), depends on

A

Both buoyant force (up) and weight (down)

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20
Q

Density fluids will exert a

A

Greater buoyant force on a body than less dense fluids of the same volume

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21
Q

The reason a person find it easier to float in salt water compared with fresh water is because

A

The buoyant force on a given volume is greater in salt water than in fresh water

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22
Q

Archimedes’s Principle

A

An immersed body (completely or partially) is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces

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23
Q

The principle relates buoyanacy to

A

Displaced liquid and applies to gases and liquids (fluids)

24
Q

Depends on how the buoyant force compares with the object’s weight depends on

A

The object’s density

25
Q

1) An object more dense than the fluid in which it is immersed will sink

A

Pob0 > pl

26
Q

2) An object less dense than the fluid in which it is immersed will float

A

Pob0 < pl

27
Q

3) An object that has a density equal to the density of the fluid in which it is immersed will neither sink nor float

A

Pob0 = pl

28
Q

Whether an object floats or sinks depends upon the

A

1) Volume of the object
2) Volume of the fluid displaced

29
Q

An object floats on the surface of a liquid if

A

The weight of object equals the buoyant force exerted by the fluid and the object’s weight equals the weight of the displaced fluid

30
Q

Principle of floatation

A

A floating object displaces a weight of a fluid equal to its own weight

31
Q

The same 1 ton of iron in a bowl shape displaces

A

A greater volume of water and the greater buoyant force allows it to float

32
Q

Principle of flotation

A

A floating object displaces a weight of fluid equal to its own weight

33
Q

As you sit in class, is there a buoyant force acting on you?

A

Yes, due to the displacement air

34
Q

Every ship must be designed to

A

Displace a weight of fluid equal to its own weight

35
Q

A change in pressure at any point in an enclosed fluid at rest is

A

Transmitted undiminished to all points in the fluid

36
Q

The force exerted on the left piston increases the pressure in

A

The liquid and is transmitted to the right piston and applies to all fluids, gases and liquids

37
Q

Pascal’s Principle like simple machines are three steps

A

1) Energy not multiplied
2) Pressure not multiplied
3) Only force

38
Q

Pascal’s principle applies in

A

Hydraulic press and the pressure applied to the left piston is transmitted to the right piston

39
Q

Pascal’s Principle application for gases and liquids

A

1) Seen in hydraulic devices and used in construction
2) In auto lifts at service stations
3) Increased air pressure produced by an air compressor is transmitted through the air to the liquid surface in an underground reservoir
4) The liquid transmits the pressure to the piston, which lifts the car

40
Q

Surface tension is caused by

A

Molecular attractions

41
Q

Beneath the surface, each molecule is

A

Attached in every direction by neighboring molecules

42
Q

A molecule on the surface of a liquid is pulled only by

A

Neighbors on each sides and downward from below; there is no pull upward

43
Q

These molecular attraction tend to pull the molecule from

A

The surface to the liquid causing surface tension

44
Q

Surface tension is

A

Contractive

45
Q

Factors affecting surface tension are:

A

1) The type of liquid
2) What is mixed with the liquid
3) Temperature of the liquid

46
Q

1) The type of liquid

A

Water has greater surface tension than oil

47
Q

2) What is mixed with the liquid

A

Soapy water has lower surface tension than water without soap

48
Q

3) Temperature of the liquid

A

The molecule in a hot liquid have higher energy and are not bound tightly as in a cooler liquid

49
Q

Drops of any kind are spherical because their surfaces tend to

A

Contract and force each drop into the shape having the least surface area for a given volume and to a sphere

50
Q

The rise of a liquid in a fine, hollow tube or in a narrow space is called

A

Capillarity

51
Q

Adhesion between the molecules of the glass and water draws

A

The film of water into the tube

52
Q

Surface tension causes

A

The film on the surface to contract

53
Q

This raises the liquid from below to

A

Rise into the tube

54
Q

When the force of the surface tension balances out the weight of the liquid, so the liquid is

A

Stop rising

55
Q

The height of rise depends upon

A

The weight of the liquid and the narrowness of the tube

56
Q

The lighter the liquid, the

A

Higher the capillary rise

57
Q

The narrower the tube, the

A

Higher the capillary rise

Physics 130: Lecture Slide (Chapter Review) (23 decks)

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