Chapter 15: Temperature, Heat and Expansion

Question 1

Temperature

Answer 1

A quantity/number that corresponds to the warmth of an object

Question 2

Temperature related to the random motions of

Answer 2

Atoms and molecules in a substance

Question 3

Temperature measured by a

Answer 3

Thermometer

Question 4

Temperature have no

Answer 4

Upper limit

Question 5

Temperature definite limit on

Answer 5

Lower end

Question 6

Temperature is proportional to

Answer 6

The average translational kinetic energy per particle in a substance

Question 7

High temperature of an object is equal to higher

Answer 7

Average kinetic energy of its particle

Question 8

Solid particles were

Answer 8

Vibrate and jiggle in place

Question 9

Liquid particles were

Answer 9

Slide and jiggle past one another

Question 10

Gas particle bounce

Answer 10

Back and forth

Question 11

Liquid thermometer

Answer 11

Measures temperature by expansion or contraction of a liquid

Question 12

Liquid thermometer usually have

Answer 12

Mercury or colored alcohol and having high boiling points and high coefficients of expansion

Question 13

Temperature reading occurs when the thermometer and the object reach

Answer 13

Thermal equilibrium

Question 14

Temperature equal temperature number no more

Answer 14

Heat flow and same average kinetic energy per particle

Question 15

Infrared thermometers operate by

Answer 15

Sensing IR radiation and use lens to focus IR light from object to a detector

Question 16

Temperature Scales

Answer 16

1) Celsius Scale
2) Fahrenheit Scale
3) Kelvin Scale

Question 17

1) Celsius Scale

Answer 17

0 degree for freezing point of water to 100 degrees for boiling point of water

Question 18

2) Fahrenheit Scale

Answer 18

32 degrees for freezing point and 212 degrees for boiling point

Question 19

3) Kelvin Scale

Answer 19

1) Measured in K, not degrees
2) 273 K for freezing point and 373 for boiling point
3) 0 at absolute zero temperature at which there is no energy left to give up or transfer to another substance

Question 20

There is twice as much molecular kinetic energy in 2 liters of boiling water as in 1 litter of boiling water. Which will be the same for both?

Answer 20

A. Temperature

Question 21

Heat

Answer 21

Energy transferred from one object to another due to a temperature difference

Question 22

Heat direction and flow of energy transfer is

Answer 22

Always from a warmer object to a neighboring cooler object

Question 23

Touch a hot stove, energy transfer from the stove to

Answer 23

The hand

Question 24

Touch a piece of ice, energy transfer from the hand to

Answer 24

Ice

Question 25

Work done by friction goes into

Answer 25

Heating an object called this: "Thermal energy" to make clear its link to heat and temperature

Question 26

Refer to thermal energy as

Answer 26

Internal energy (U) and the grand total of all the energies inside a substance

Question 27

Translational, rotational, and vibrational energy of molecules that make up a

Answer 27

Substance

Question 28

A substance does not contain heat, it contains

Answer 28

Internal energy

Question 29

If a red hot thumbtack is immersed in warm water and the direction of heat flow will be from the

Answer 29

Red-hot thumbtack to the warm water

Question 30

Heat (quantity of heat) measured in

Answer 30

Joules (J) and Calories (J/C degrees), and 4.18 joules of heat are required to change the temperature of 1g of water by 1 Celsius degree

Question 31

Heat energy ratings of food are determined by

Answer 31

Energy released when burned

Question 32

Heat sample of food is placed in

Answer 32

Insulated, oxygen-filled chamber, and surrounded by water

Question 33

Heat sample burned

Answer 33

Completely and heat from burning increases temperature of the water

Question 34

Heat temperature is measured and indicated the number of

Answer 34

Calories in the food

Question 35

The same quantity of heat is added to different amounts of water in two equal size containers. Assume the initial temperature is the same. The temperature of the smaller amount of water.

Answer 35

Increases more

Question 36

Specific heat capacity

Answer 36

The quantity of heat required to change the temperature of a unit mass of the substance by 1 degree Celsius

Question 37

Specific heat capacity is the same for thermal inertia

Answer 37

The tendency of something to resist changes in the temperature

Question 38

The greater the specific heat capacity of a substance, the more energy it takes to change its

Answer 38

Temperature

Question 39

Specific heat capacity if given different substances will have

Answer 39

Different thermal capacities for storing energy

Question 40

Equal masses of different materials require different quantities of heat to

Answer 40

Change their temperatures by a given amount

Question 41

1 g of water 1 calorie to raise temperature

Answer 41

1 degrees Celsius

Question 42

1 g of iron requires 1/8 as much energy for the same

Answer 42

Temperature increase

Question 43

Water absorbs more heat than iron for the same change in

Answer 43

Temperature

Question 44

Water has a

Answer 44

Higher specific heat

Question 45

Water molecules have

Answer 45

Strong intermolecular bonds so it takes a significant amount of energy to separate them

Question 46

Strong intermolecular bonds equal to

Answer 46

Strong attraction

Question 47

Which has the higher specific heat capacity, water or land?

Answer 47

Water

Question 48

The high specific heat capacity of water application of

Answer 48

High capacity for water and sea breeze

Question 49

Formation of sea breeze (air layer above land is)

Answer 49

Warmer, less dense, and creates a low pressure system above land

Question 50

Formation of sea breeze (air layer above water is)

Answer 50

Cooler, denser, and creates a high pressure system above water

Question 51

Pressure difference causes

Answer 51

Cool air above water (at high pressure) to flow above land (at lower pressure) - Sea Breeze

Question 52

Formation of land breeze (air layer above land is)

Answer 52

Cooler, denser, and creates a high pressure system above land

Question 53

Formation of land breeze (air later above water is)

Answer 53

Warmer, less dense, and creates a low pressure system above water

Question 53

Pressure difference causes

Answer 53

Cool air above land (at high pressure) to flow above water (at lower pressure) - Land Breeze

Question 54

Liquid cooling is

Answer 54

A highly effective method of removing excess heat from CPUs

Question 54

Liquids allow the transfer of more heat from the parts being cooled than air, making liquid cooling suitable for

Answer 54

High performance computer applications

Question 55

Thermal expansion

Answer 55

Increasing the temperature of a substance increases the motion of molecules and jiggle faster and move farther apart

Question 56

Most substances expand when heated and contract when

Answer 56

Cooled

Question 57

Warming metal lids on glass jar under hot water loosens the lid by

Answer 57

Expansion

Question 58

Thermal expansion/contraction plays a role in

Answer 58

Construction and devices

Question 59

Use of reinforcing steel with the same rate of expansion as

Answer 59

Concreate expansion joints on bridges

Question 60

Gaps on concrete roadways and sidewalks allow for

Answer 60

Concrete expansion in the summer and contraction in the winter

Question 61

Bimetallic strips

Answer 61

Two strips of different metals welded together

Question 62

Bimetallic strips are used in

Answer 62

Heater, oven thermometers, refrigerators, and electric toasters

Question 63

Brass expands more when heated than iron does and contracts more when

Answer 63

Cooled and because of it, the strip bends

Question 64

Water expands when heated (like most substances) and it does not

Answer 64

Expand in the range between 0 degree and 4 degrees

Question 65

When water become ice, it is

Answer 65

Expand

Question 66

Ice has open-structured crystals resulting from strong bonds at certain angles that increase its

Answer 66

Volume and this make ice less dense than liquid water

Question 67

As temperature of water at 0 degrees increases, two opposite processes occur

Answer 67

Contraction and expansion

Question 68

Ice crystals collapse plus heating of liquid water molecules were affecting the contracting and collapsing on

Answer 68

Dominates until the temperature reaches 4 degrees Celsius

Question 69

Expansion overrides contraction because most of the ice crystals have

Answer 69

Melted into water

Question 70

Between 0 degree and 4 degrees Celsius, the volume of liquid water decreases as the temperature

Answer 70

Increases

Question 71

Above 4 degrees Celsius, water behaves the way other substances do; Its volume increases as its temperature

Answer 71

Increases

Question 72

When ice freezes to become solid ice, its volume increases tremendously about what percent?

Answer 72

9%

Question 73

Density of ice at any temperature is much lower than the density of water, this is why the ice was

Answer 73

Float in water

Question 74

When sample of 0 degree water is heated, its first

Answer 74

Contracts

Question 75

When a sample of 4 degrees water is cooled, it is

Answer 75

Expand