Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Physics 130: Lecture Slide (Chapter Review) > Chapter 6: Momentum (From Lecture Slide) > Flashcards

Chapter 6: Momentum (From Lecture Slide) Flashcards

1
Q

Momentum (Definition)

A

1) Property of moving things
2) More specifically, mass of an object multiplied by its velocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Momentum (Formula)

A

Mass x Velocity (Vector quantity: p = mv)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why does p stand for momentum?

A

It really stands for impetus, which is from the Latin impellere from im + pellere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pellere meant to

A

“Push forcefully, im- was a prefix meaning “Inner”.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Impellere meant

A

Pushing with an inner source of energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A moving boulder has more momentum than

A

A stone rolling at the same speed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A faster boulder has more momentum than

A

A slow boulder with the same mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A boulder at rest, has

A

No momentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

A moving object can have a large momentum if:

A

1) Mass is large
2) Velocity is large
3) Or both!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Momentum is directly proportional to

A

Mass and Velocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

An object at rest has

A

Zero momentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

A moving object has all

A

1) Momentum
2) Energy
3) Speed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When the speed of an object is doubled, its momentum

A

Doubles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which vehicle has a greater momentum? A truck at rest or a man walking 3 mph.

A

The man

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which vehicle has a smaller momentum? A 2000 kg car moving at 30 m/s or a 4000 kg light truck moving at 15 m/s.

A

They have the same momentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Momentum can change by changing

A

1) Mass (usually does not change)
2) Velocity (most often changes)
3) Or both!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Impulse

A

Changing velocity means acceleration occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What produces acceleration?

A

Net force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Net force

A

Acceleration, change in velocity, and change in momentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Increase net force equals to

A

Increase change in momentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Impulse is time also important for

A

Changing momentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How long does the force act?

A

Case A: Unpadded wall-immediate smack
Case B: Paddled wall-cushion absorbs impact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Case A: Unpadded wall-immediate smack

A

Greater force over shorter time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Case B: Paddled wall-cushion absorbs impact

A

Lesser force over a longer time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Both force and time are important in
Changing momentum
26
The product of force and time is
The impulse
27
Impulse (Formula)
Force x time interval
28
A moving object experiences impulse only if
A force acts on it and changes its momentum
29
An object traveling at constant speed has
No net forces acting on it (dynamic equilibrium)
30
Does it have momentum? Yes
It is p = mv
31
Is there an impulse imparted on the object? Why?
No, net force to change momentum
32
The greater the impulse exerted on an object,
The greater its change in momentum
33
Impulse and change in momentum are always linked (3 cases)
Case 1: Increasing momentum Case 2: Decreasing momentum over a long time Case 3: Decreasing momentum over a short time
34
Case 1: Increasing momentum
1) Apply the greatest force for as long as possible 2) Increasing the time of contact
35
Forces involved in impulse vary from
Instant to instant
36
Only concerned with the average force
1) Not instantaneous 2) Defined over some velocity and time interval
37
Average force
Defined over same velocity and time interval
38
A cannonball shot from a cannon with a long barrel will emerge with greater speed because
The cannonball receives a greater (Impulse)
39
Case 2: Decreasing momentum over a long time
When a car is out of control,it is better to hit a haystack than a concreate wall = both have the initial speed and come to rest
40
When landing after a jump, gradually bending your knees increases the time your momentum decreases,
Reducing the force exerted on you by the ground
41
Increasing time equal to
Small force
42
A fast moving car hitting a haystack or hitting a cement wall produces vastly different results
They are both experiences the same change in momentum and the same impulse
43
Case 3: Decreasing momentum over a short time
A short time interval produces a large force (Rise into the punch: Decrease time = large force)
44
Time of contact is
Brief and force of impact is huge
45
Impulses are generally greater when
The objects is bounce
46
Catching a falling item with your hands
You provide the impulse to reduce its momentum is zero
47
If you quickly throw the item up again, you provide an additional
Impulse
48
Double impulse occurs when something
Bounces
49
Pelton wheel designed with curve-shaped paddles to cause incoming water to make a U-turn upon impact or bounce
Produces a large impulse that turns the wheel
50
Conservation of momentum (Newton's 2nd Law)
To accelerate an object, we apply to a net force
51
To change the momentum of an object,
Exert an impulse on it (Impulse-momentum theorem)
52
Only an external impulse to a system can
Change the momentum of the system
53
If no external force is present, then
No change in momentum is possible...Momentum is conserved!
54
External net force applied by apple on orange
Acceleration exists
55
No external net force, force are internal and cancel
Acceleration does not exist
56
If no net force or net impulse acts on a system,
The momentum of that system cannot change
57
When momentum, or any quantity in physics,
Does not change we says it conserved
58
Law of Conservation of Momentum
In the absences of an external force, the momentum of a systme remains unchanged
59
Collision is
The absence of external forces
60
Net momentum before collision equals
Net momentum after collision and momentum is conserved
61
Two types of collisions
Elastic and Inelastic
62
1) Elastic Collision
Occurs when colliding objects rebound without lasting deformation or any generation of heat
63
2) Inelastic Collision
Occurs when colliding object result in deformation and/or the generation of heat

Physics 130: Lecture Slide (Chapter Review) (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions