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Physics 130: Lecture Slide (Chapter Review) > Chapter 17: Change of Phase > Flashcards

Chapter 17: Change of Phase Flashcards

1
Q

Matter exists in four common phases that involve transfer of internal energy

A

1) Solid phase (ice)
2) Liquid phase (ice melts to water)
3) Gaseous phase (water turns to vapor)
4) Plasma phase (vapor disintegrates to ions and electrons)

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2
Q

The phase of a material depends upon

A

The temperature and the pressure

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3
Q

Changes from solid, liquid, gas, and plasma require energy to be

A

Added/Transferred to the material and the added energy causes molecules to move more rapidly

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4
Q

A plasma globe is:

A

A clear glass container filled with noble gases that has a high-voltage electrodes in the center of the container

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5
Q

When voltage is applied a plasma is formed

A

Within the container

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6
Q

If you keep your fingers on the glass, you will provide a spot for

A

Energy to flow

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7
Q

Melting were the process of

A

Solid to liquid

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8
Q

Freezing were the process of

A

Liquid to solid

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9
Q

Vaporization were the process of

A

Liquid to gas

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10
Q

Condensation were the process of

A

Gas to liquid

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11
Q

Sublimation were the process of

A

Solid to Gas

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12
Q

Deposition were the process of

A

Gas to Solid

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13
Q

Evaporation

A

Change of phase from liquid to gas

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14
Q

Molecule in liquid

A

Move randomly, at various speeds and continually collide into one another

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15
Q

Some molecules gain kinetic energy while others

A

Lose kinetic energy during collision

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16
Q

Some of the energetic molecules escape from

A

The liquid and become gas

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17
Q

Average KE of the remaining molecules in the liquid decreases resulting in

A

Cooler water

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18
Q

The process of the evaporating

A

1) High Energy: Evaporating
2) Medium Energy: Pulled back into water
3) Lower Energy: Remain as liquid

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19
Q

Evaporation is important in cooling our bodies, preventing us from

A

Overheating

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20
Q

Water on our skin absorbs body heat as evaporation cools the body that help to

A

Maintain a stable body temperature

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21
Q

Evaporation is a

A

Cooling process

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22
Q

Sublimation

A

Form of phase change directly from solid to gas

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23
Q

Substances that have molecules weakly

A

Held together sublimate

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24
Q

Condensation

A

Change of phase from vapor/gas to a liquid and opposite of evaporation

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25
Q

Gas molecules near a liquid surface are attracted to

A

The liquid and they strike the surface with increased kinetic energy and becoming part of the liquid

26
Q

Kinetic energy is absorbed by

A

The liquid resulting in increased temperature

27
Q

Warming process from a gas

A

To a liquid

28
Q

When temperature of the atmosphere is low, the water molecules in the air

A

Move slowly

29
Q

Slow moving water molecules stick together, causing what?

A

Condensation

30
Q

Fog and clouds are created when

A

Air rises and the molecules of water vapor combine to make tiny liquid water droplets that hang in the air

31
Q

The way we see the fog by the

A

Tiny water droplet moving

32
Q

Condensation (Cloud)

A

1) Warm air rises (less dense)
2) Warm air expands and chills
3) Water vapor molecules slow down and stick together
4) Water vapor molecules combine with other dust particles in the air to form cloud droplets that grows into cloud

33
Q

Boiling process is a

A

Rapid evaporation from beneath the surface of a liquid

34
Q

Forces due to combined pressure of

A

Atmosphere and water

35
Q

Boiling process is a rapid form of

A

Evaporation beneath the surface forms vapor bubbles and the bubble rise to the surface

36
Q

If vapor pressure in the bubble is less than the surrounding pressure (atm and water), then

A

The bubble collapse

37
Q

Bubbles do not form at the temperature below

A

Boiling point (vapor pressure is insufficient)

38
Q

Boiling water at 100 degrees Celcius is in

A

Thermal equilibrium

39
Q

Boiling water is being

A

Cooled as fast as it is being warmed

40
Q

Molecules with more KE are leaving then the

A

lower temperature and in this sense, boiling is considering a cooling process

41
Q

Boiling point depends on

A

Pressure

42
Q

Boiling point decreases with

A

Decreasing atmospheric pressure

43
Q

Boiling point increases with

A

Increasing atmospheric pressure

44
Q

The process of boiling

A

1) Cool the water being boiled
2) Depends on atmospheric pressure
3) Is a change of phase below the water surface

45
Q

Melting

A

Change of phase from a solid to a liquid and the opposite of freezing

46
Q

When heat is supplied to a

A

Solid and added vibration breaks molecules loose from the structure and melting occurs

47
Q

Freezing

A

Change of phase from a liquid to a solid and opposite of melting

48
Q

When energy is continually removed from a liquid, molecular motion decreases until

A

The force of attraction bind them together and formations of ice occurs

49
Q

Substances freeze at

A

Exactly the same temperature as they melt

50
Q

Under a specified pressure, the temperature and a liquid and solid exists in

A

Equilibrium is defined as the melting or freezing point

51
Q

Melting and freezing temperature of water was

A

0 degree Celcius and 32 degrees Fahrenheit

52
Q

Regelation

A

Phenomenon of melting under pressure and freezing again when the pressure is reduced

53
Q

When pressure is removed, molecules was

A

Crystallize and refreezing occurs

54
Q

From solid to liquid to gas phase

A

Add energy

55
Q

From gas to liquid to solid phase

A

Remove energy

56
Q

Energy is absorbed when change of phase is in this direction:

A

Right forward direction

57
Q

Energy is released when change of phase is in this direction:

A

Opposite direction

58
Q

When snow forms in clouds, the surrounding air is

A

Warmed

59
Q

Heat of fusion (Lf)

A

Amount of energy needed to change any substance from solid to liquid and vice versa

60
Q

Heat of Vaporization (Lv)

A

Amount of energy needed to change any substance from liquid to gas and vice versa

Physics 130: Lecture Slide (Chapter Review) (23 decks)

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