Chapter 16

Question 1

genetic information in a protein coat

Answer 1

virus

Question 2

protein coat

Answer 2

capsid

Question 3

lipid-rich outer layer derived from host cell’s membrane; proteins help virus invade new cells

Answer 3

envelope

Question 4

viruses that invade bacteria

Answer 4

bacteriophages

Question 5

virus can only invade a cell that has the correct target attachment molecule

Answer 5

host range

Question 6

site where virus exists in nature

Answer 6

reservoir

Question 7

stages of viral replication

Answer 7

1. attachment
2. penetration
3. synthesis
4. assembly
5. release

Question 8

why are viruses not alive?

Answer 8

they don’t metabolize, respond to stimuli, or reproduce on their own

Question 9

ways to distinguish viruses

Answer 9

1. DNA or RNA?
2. single or double stranded?
3. shape
4. envelope?

Question 10

virus enters bacterium, immediately replicates, and causes host cell to burst as it releases new viruses

Answer 10

lytic infection

Question 11

virus inserts into host DNA as prophage; remains latent until a signal makes it emerge as lytic; both virus and host DNA replicate together

Answer 11

lysogenic infection

Question 12

DNA of a lysogenic bacteriophage that is inserted into the host chromosome

Answer 12

prophage

Question 13

naked RNA that can infect a plant cell and interfere with its ability to make proteins

Answer 13

viroid

Question 14

abnormal protein that causes chain reaction from contact; kills brain cells; ex: mad cow disease

Answer 14

prion