Chapter 16 - Respiratory Emergencies Flashcards
Where are stretch receptors located and what do they do?
In the walls of the lungs, prevent over expansion injuries
What is a normal pulse oximeter reading?
Above 94%
Where are irritant receptors located and what do they do?
In the walls of the bronchioles, detect the presence of abnormalities such as excessive fluids, toxic fumes, smoke
Where are the j receptors located and what do they do?
Near the alveoli, detect when the alveolar - capillary beds are becoming abnormally engorged with blood as a result of heart failure
What is wheezing and what is it associated with?
A high pitched, musical, whistling sound that is best he hard on exhalation. It is an indication of swelling and constriction of the inner lining of the bronchioles.
Asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis
What is rhonchi and what is it associated with?
Snoring or rattling noise heard upon auscultation. They indicate obstruction of the larger conducting airways by a thick mucus
Chronic bronchitis, emphysema, aspiration, pneumonia
What is crackles?
Aka rales - bubbly or cracking sound heard during inhalation, sounds associated with fluid that has surrounded or filled the alveoli or very small bronchioles
Pulmonary edema, pneumonia
Hypoxemia?
Decrease of oxygen in the blood stream typically an SpO2 reading below 94%
Dyspena?
Shortness of breath
Apnea?
Not breathing
Hypoxia?
Inadequate supply of oxygen to the cells and tissue
What is respiratory distress?
Difficulty breathing but has adequate tidal volume and respiratory rate
What is respiratory failure?
When either the tidal volume or respiratory rate becomes inadequate
What is CPAP?
Continuous positive airway pressure
What is respiratory arrest?
When breathing stops completely
