Chapter 160 :: Superficial Fungal Infection

Question 1

Anthropophilic with involvement of skin and nails

Answer 1

Epidermophyton floccosum

Question 2

accomplished through secretion of specific proteases, lipases, and ceramidases, the digestive products of which also serve as fungal nutrients

Answer 2

INVASION

Question 3

accomplished through secretion of specific proteases, lipases, and ceramidases, the digestive products of which also serve as fungal nutrients

Answer 3

INVASION

Question 4

hyphae and air spaces within the hair shaft

Answer 4

favus

Question 5

Elimination of contaminant molds, yeast, and bacteria is achieved by the addition of cycloheximide and chloramphenicol (± gentamicin) to the medium making it highly selective for the isolation of dermatophytes

Answer 5

development of colonies can take 5 to 7 days in the case of Epidermophyton floccosum and up to 4 weeks for Trichophyton verrucosum

Question 6

Blue-gray, occasional occasional fluorescence

Answer 6

Favus

Trichophyton schoenleinii

Question 7

Tinea barbae (requires systemic treatment)

Answer 7

Terbinafine 250 mg/day × 2 to 4 weeks

Question 8

an inflammatory dermatitis occurring at sites distant from the primary dermatophytosis

appear polymorphic, ranging in morphology from follicular or nonfollicular papules and vesicles of the hands and feet to reactive erythemas including erythema nodosum, erythema annulare centrifugum, or urticaria

Answer 8

dermatophytid (or id) reaction

Question 9

3 criteria for establishing the presence of an id eruption

Answer 9

(a) dermatophytosis on another part of body, (b) absence of fungal elements from the id eruption, and (c) resolution of the id eruption with clearing of the primary dermatophyte infection.

Question 10

marker for HIV

Answer 10

Proximal Subungual Type Onychomycosis

Question 11

Trichophyton rubrum

Answer 11

Tinea Corporis

Tinea incognito

Tinea cruris

Question 12

characterized by firmly attached, hard or gritty, brown-black–colored concretions on the hair shaft that vary in size from the microscopic range to a few millimeters in size

Answer 12

Black piedra

Question 13

yellow-red follicular papule, then a yellow concave crust (scutulum) around a single dry hair that is less brittle than hair of endothrix infections

unpleasant cheeselike or musky odor

Answer 13

TINEA FAVOSA

Question 14

most common presentation of tinea pedis

Answer 14

Interdigital Type

Question 15

patchy or diffuse scaling on the soles and the lateral and medial aspects of the feet, in a distribution similar to a moccasin on a foot

Answer 15

Chronic Hyperkeratotic (Moccasin) Type

Question 16

features tense vesicles larger than 3 mm in diameter, vesiculopustules, or bullae on the soles and periplantar areas

Answer 16

Vesiculobullous Type

Question 17

vesicles, pustules, and purulent ulcers on the plantar surface

Cellulitis, lymphangitis, lymphadenopathy, and fever are frequently associated

Answer 17

Acute Ulcerative Type

Question 18

commonly produce a vesicular id reaction, either on the lateral foot or toes, or on the lateral aspects of the fingers

Answer 18

Vesicular Id Reaction