Chapter 162 :: Deep Fungal Infections

Question 1

Characterized by a firm, painless nodule that spreads slowly with development of papules and draining sinus tracts; later signs include local swelling, chronic sinus formation, and bone involvement

Answer 1

Mycetoma (maduromycosis, Madura foot)

Question 2

Begins as a slowly expanding warty papule; may be a plaque-like lesion with an atrophic center

form thick-walled single cells or cell clusters (sclerotic or muriform bodies), and these may elicit a marked form of pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia

Answer 2

Chromoblastomycosis (chromomycosis)

Question 3

Characterized by keloid-like lesions

Answer 3

Lobomycosis

Question 4

The nasal mucosa is the main affected site
Characterized by polyps studded with white flecks

Answer 4

Rhinosporidiosis

Question 5

The nasal mucosa is the main affected site
Characterized by polyps studded with white flecks

Answer 5

Rhinosporidiosis

Question 6

The best sources of diagnostic material of Sporotrichosis

Answer 6

smears, exudates, and biopsies

organism can be isolated readily on Sabouraud agar

Question 7

CD4 lymphopenia (eg, AIDS

Answer 7

Oropharyngeal candidiasis, crypto-coccosis, and endemic respiratory mycoses such as histoplasmosis, nocardiosis

Question 8

Diabetes mellitus

Answer 8

Mucormycosis

Question 9

encountered in a cave or after cleaning a bird-infested area

Answer 9

Acute Pulmonary Histoplasmosis

Question 10

A rising complement-fixation titer indicates dissemination

H. capsulatum is an intracellular parasite often seen in macrophages. The cells are small (2 to 4 µm in diameter) and oval in shape with small buds

Answer 10

Histoplasmosis

Question 11

Spherules containing large endospores

Answer 11

COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS

Question 12

budding cells with capsules that are best observed by direct microscopy of India ink or Nigrosin mounts

Answer 12

CRYPTOCOCCOSIS