Chapter 2: Body Organization Flashcards by Radioo Kennedy

cytology

the study of cells and their function

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What function do cells perform for the body?

reproduction
hormone secretion
energy production
excretion

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the functions for special cells?

muscle contraction

electrical impulse transmission

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What makes up a cell?

nucleus
cytoplasm
cell membrane

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

histology

the study of tissue

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How are tissues formed?

When like cells are grouped together to perform an activity

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the 4 types of tissue?

Muscle
Epithelial
Connective
Nervous

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Muscle tissues

composed of muscle fibers and produces movement in the body by contracting

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the 3 types of basic muscles?

skeletal
smooth
cardiac

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Skeletal muscle

attached to the bones

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Smooth muscle

internal organs like intestine and uterus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

cardiac muscle

only in the heart

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Epithelial Tissue

Found as a lining for internal organs and covering for the skin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What and where are the different functions for epithelial tissue?

Form a protective barrier - skin
absorb - lining of intestine
secrete - sweat glands
excrete wastes - kidney tubules

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the purpose of connective tissue?

to support and protect

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

name the 4 forms of connective tissue

adipose
bone
cartilage
tendons

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Nervous tissue

composed of neurons that allows for conduction of electrical impulses between brain and rest of the body

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What does the nervous tissue form?

brain
spinal cord
nerves

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What 3 types of tissue does the stomach contain?

muscle fibers
nerve tissue
epithelial tissue

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the purpose of an integumentary system?

A 2 way barrier and regulates temperature

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What organs are in the integumentary system?

skin
Hair
Nails
Sweat glands
Sebaceous glands

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the purpose of a musculoskeletal system?

To support and protect body. Form blood cells and stores minerals. And produces movement

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What organs are in the musculoskeletal system?

Bones
Joints
Muscles

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the purpose of the cardiovascular system?

pumps blood to transport nutrients, oxygen, and wastes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What organs are in the cardiovascular system?

Heart Arteries Veins

What is the function of the blood (hematic) system

transports oxygen, protects, and controls bleeding

What organs are in the blood system?

plasma erythrocytes leukocytes platelets

What is the purpose of the lymphatic system?

Protects body

What organs are in the lymphatic system?

``` Lymph nodes Lymphatic vessels Spleen Thymus gland tonsils ```

What is the purpose of the respiratory system?

obtains oxygen and removes carbon dioxide

What organs are in the respiratory system?

``` Nasal cavity Pharynx Larynx Trachea Bronchial tubes Lungs ```

What is the purpose of the gastrointestinal system?

To ingest, digest, and absorb nutrients

What organs are in the gastrointestinal system?

``` oral cavity pharynx esophagus stomach small intestine colon liver and gallbladder pancreas ```

What is the function of the urinary system?

filters waste and removes from body

What organs are in the urinary system?

kidneys ureters urinary bladder urethra

What is the purpose of the female reproductive system?

Provides eggs and provides place for baby

What organs are in the female reproductive system?

``` ovaries fallopian tubes uterus vagina vulva breast ```

What is the male reproductive system

produces sperm

What organs are in the male reproductive system?

``` testes epididymis vas deferens penis seminal vesicles prostate glands bulbourethral glands ```

What is the purpose of the endocrine system?

Regulates metabolic activity

What organs are in the endocrine system?

``` Pituitary glands pineal gland thyroid gland parathyroid glands thymus gland pancreas adrenal glands ovaries and testes ```

What is the purpose of the nervous system?

Receives sensory information and coordinates response

What organs are in the nervous system?

Brain Spinal Cord Nerves

cardiovascular

pertaining to the heart and blood vessels

muscular

pertaining to the muscles

lymphatic

pertaining to lymph

hematic

pertaining to blood

gastroenterology

study of stomach and small intestine

gynecology

study of the female body

ophthalmology

study of the eye

dermatology

study of the skin

Sagittal Plane

Divides body into left and right

frontal Plane

Divides the body into front and back

Transverse Plane

Divides body into upper and lower portions

Cephalic

Head

Cervical

Neck

Brachial

arm

crural

leg

What are the regions of the anterior trunk?

Thoracic Abdominal Pelvic Pubic

What are the regions of the posterior trunk?

dorsum vertebral gluteal

What are 2 dorsal cavities?

Cranial | Spinal

What are ventral cavities?

Thoracic | Abdominopelvic

What does the cranial cavity contain?

Brain

What does the spinal cavity contain?

spinal cord

What does the thoracic cavity contain?

2 lungs | mediastinum

What does the mediastinum contain?

``` Heart Aorta Esophagus Trachea Thymus gland ```

What does the abdominopelvic cavity contain?

digestive organs excretory organs reproductive organs

What is the abdominopelvic and thoracic cavity divided by?

diaphragm

What are the 2 layers in the viscera encases in sac?

Parietal layer | visceral layer

What is the viscera called in the thoracic cavity?

pleura

What is the viscera called in the abdominopelvic cavity?

peritoneum

What are the subdivisions of the pleura?

Pleural cavity | pericardial cavity

Pleural cavity

surrounds the lungs

pericardial cavity

surrounds the heart

What are int he upper row regions of the abdomen?

Hypochondriac | Epigastric

What are in the middle row regions of the abdomen?

Lumbar | Umbilical

What are in the lower row regions of the abdomen?

Inguinal | Hypogastric

What is in the RUQ?

``` Majority of liver gallbladder small portion of pancreas small intestine colon ```

What is in the RLQ?

``` Small intestine colon right ovary right fallopian tube appendix right ureter ```

What is in the LUQ?

``` Small portion of liver spleen stomach majority of pancreas small intestine colon ```

What is in the LLQ?

``` small intestine colon left ovary left fallopian tube left ureter ```

Superior

More toward head

Inferior

More towards feet

More towards front

Posterior

More towards back

Medial

More towards middle

lateral

more towards side

proximal

nearer to the point of attachment to body

distal

farther away from point of attachment to body

apex

tip or summit of organ

base

bottom or lower part of an organ

superficial

more towards surface of body

deep

further away from surface of body

Supine

lying face up

Prone

lying face down

What are the 5 levels of the body?

``` Cells Tissues Organs Systems Body ```

Chapter 2: Body Organization Flashcards

(96 cards)