Chapter 3

Question 1

What is the reproductive structure of an angiosperm that produces the seeds and fruits of a plant?

Answer 1

flower

Question 2

What is the primary function of the flowers on a plant?

Answer 2

to produces seeds for reproduction

Question 3

What is the special stem on which a flower forms that is alos known as the flower stalk?

Answer 3

pedicel

Question 4

What are the sepals alos known as?

Answer 4

calyx

Question 5

What is the lead-like structures that are attached to the edge of the receptible?

Answer 5

sepals

Question 5

What is the enlarges end of a pedicel that is designed to hold the developing seeds?

Answer 5

recepticle

Question 6

What are the male reporductive cells that are found in pollen?

Answer 6

sperm cells

Question 6

What are the petals also called?

Answer 6

corolla

Question 6

What are the organs within the corolla that produce pollen?

Answer 6

stamens

Question 6

What is are the most conspicuous part of a flower?

Answer 6

petals

Question 7

What are the future seed that contain the female reproductive cells in the ovary?

Answer 7

ovules

Question 7

What are female reproductive cells in a plant callled?

Answer 7

egg cells

Question 7

What does the pistil consist of?

Answer 7

the stigma, the style, and the ovary

Question 7

What is the elongated, vase-shaped structure of a flower that is the central structure in a flower?

Answer 7

pistil

Question 7

What is the swollen base of the pistil in a flower called?

Answer 7

ovary

Question 8

What is a flower known as when it has sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils?

Answer 8

complete flower

Question 9

What is a flower known as if it lacks one or more of the four basic flower parts?

Answer 9

incomplete flower

Question 10

What are special leaves on a flower that appear to be petals, but are not?

Answer 10

bracts

Question 11

What are flowers that lack pistils and bear only stamens; male flowers?

Answer 11

staminate flowers

Question 12

What are flowers that lack stamens and bear only pistils; female flowers?

Answer 12

pistillate flowers

Question 13

What is any plant on which both staminate and pistillate flowers are produces in the same plant?

Answer 13

monoecious

Question 14

What are plants that produce staminate and pistillate flowers, just as monoecious plants do, but are borne by separate plants?

Answer 14

diecious

Question 15

What are flowers known as when they are together in clusters?

Answer 15

inflorescences

Question 16

What sis the chief factor in controlling flowering in most plants?

Answer 16

the length of daylight and night

Question 17

Who are agricultural technicians who specialize in growing flowers, fruits, vegetables, and shrubs?

Answer 17

horticulturists

Question 18

What type of symmetry is characterized by similar halves that can be produced by the cutting of the flower across the middle in several directions?

Answer 18

radial symmetry

Question 19

What type of symmetry is characterized by similar halves being produced only if the flower is cut lengthwise?

Answer 19

bilateral symmetry

Question 20

What is a fully ripened ovary that functions as the seed-bearing structures of flowering plants?

Answer 20

fruit

Question 21

What is the transfer of pollen from an anther to the stigma of a pistil?

Answer 21

pollination

Question 22

What is the type of pollination that occurs within the same flower?

Answer 22

self-pollination

Question 23

What type of pollination that occurs when the pollen from an anther of one plant is transferred to the stigma of a flower of another plant?

Answer 23

cross-pollination

Question 24

What is an organism that results from a cross between two different species of the same kind of plant?

Answer 24

hybrid

Question 25

What is the sweet tasting, watery liquid that is produced by plants?

Answer 25

nectar

Question 26

What is the process in which a sperm cell fuses with an egg cell to form a new organism?

Answer 26

fertilization

Question 27

What are reproductive cells collectively known as?

Answer 27

gametes

Question 28

What is the reproduction in which the sperm and egg unite?

Answer 28

sexual reproduction

Question 29

What begins to form from the stigma when the pollen grain travels down through the style of the pistil and into the ovary?

Answer 29

pollen tube

Question 30

What is the cell that is formed when one of the sperm cells unites with the egg cell?

Answer 30

embryo

Question 31

What is a nutritional tissue that surrounds the fertilized egg and provided nourishment to the growing embryo after the other sperm cell fuses with the polar nuclei?

Answer 31

endosperm

Question 32

What are chemicals that are produced in plants to control or stimulate specific messages?

Answer 32

hormones

Question 33

What is the process of the ovary growing larger and developing into a fruit?

Answer 33

ripening

Question 34

What is the layer that forms in the stalk of a fruit and begins to cut the fruit from the stem?

Answer 34

abscission layer

Question 35

What are fruits that form from one flower that has only one pistil?

Answer 35

simple fruit

Question 36

What are fruits that form from one flower that has several pistils?

Answer 36

aggregate fruit

Question 37

What are fruits that form from multiple flowers?

Answer 37

multiple fruit

Question 38

What are simple fruits in which the entire ovary is fleshy and juicy throughout?

Answer 38

berries

Question 39

What are some examples of berries?

Answer 39

tomatoes, grapes, and cucumbers

Question 40

What are simple fruits that are fleshy and juicy, but not throughout the entire fruit; have an outer fleshy layer and an inner woody layer?

Answer 40

drupes

Question 41

What are some examples of drupes?

Answer 41

peaches, cherries, and plums

Question 42

What are simple fruits with an outer fleshy layer and an inner papery core?

Answer 42

pomes

Question 43

What are some examples of pomes?

Answer 43

apples and pears

Question 44

What are simple fruits that consist of a pod enclosing several seeds and are not fleshy and juicy?

Answer 44

legumes

Question 45

What are some examples of legumes?

Answer 45

peanuts, peas, and beans

Question 46

What are simple fruits that consist of small dry seeds with one or more wing-like structures attached to them?

Answer 46

samara

Question 47

What are some examples of samaras?

Answer 47

maples, ashes, and elms

Question 48

What are simple dry fruits that consist of a seed enclosed in a hard covering or shell?

Answer 48

nuts

Question 49

What are some examples of nuts?

Answer 49

chestnuts, hickory nuts, and acorns

Question 50

What are simple fruits consisting of a seed and a shell?

Answer 50

achenes

Question 51

What are some examples of achenes?

Answer 51

members of the composite family

Question 52

What are the fruits of the grass family called?

Answer 52

grains

Question 53

What are edible grains?

Answer 53

cereal grains

Question 54

What are some examples of edible grains?

Answer 54

barley, corn, rice, and oats

Question 55

What is the category of simple fruits are berries, drupes, and pomes?

Answer 55

simple fleshy fruits

Question 56

What is the category of simple fruits are legumes, samaras, nuts, grains, and achenes?

Answer 56

simple dry fruits

Question 57

What are some examples of aggregate fruits?

Answer 57

strawberries, blackberries, raspberries

Question 58

What are some examples of multiple fruits?

Answer 58

pineapple and fig

Question 59

What is the primary function of fruits?

Answer 59

to scatte seeds

Question 60

What means able to germinate?

Answer 60

viable

Question 61

What type of seed dispersal in which an outside agent carries the seeds?

Answer 61

agent dispersal

Question 62

What are four main agents of agent dispersal?

Answer 62

man, animals, wind, water

Question 63

What type of seed dispersal occurs in which fruits scatter their seeds by bursting open when they are ripe and catapult the seeds to a new location?

Answer 63

mechanical dispersal

Question 64

What is the result of the processes of flowers and fruit fromation?

Answer 64

seeds

Question 65

What are the three main parts of a seed?

Answer 65

embryo, endosperm, seed coat

Question 66

What is the living part within a seed that develops into the stem and leaves of a plant?

Answer 66

embryo

Question 67

What is the part of a seed that will develop into the root system of a plant?

Answer 67

radicle

Question 68

What is the part of a seed that contains stored food that the embryo will use to supply the energy for sprouting?

Answer 68

cotyledons

Question 69

How many cotyledons do dicots have? Monocots?

Answer 69

two; one

Question 70

What marks where the seed was attached to the ovary wall during its development?

Answer 70

hilum

Question 71

What is the sprouting of a seed?

Answer 71

germination

Question 72

What is a period of inactivity which helps prevent seeds from sprouting when conditions are unfavorable for the growth of young plants?

Answer 72

dormancy

Question 73

What is the first stage in the germination process?

Answer 73

absorb water, which leads to the softening of the seed coat and enlargements of the tissues of the embryo

Question 74

What is the second stage of germination?

Answer 74

the oxygen obtained from the splitting of the seed coat allow the root system to anchor the plant and the shoot system to begin growing

Question 75

What do seeds require for growth?

Answer 75

water, oxygen, favorable temperatures, and soil

Question 76

What is a special group of enzymes that convert the starch to sugar, which the embryonic cells absorb?

Answer 76

amylases