Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

variation

A

individuals in a population differ from one anotherMutation
Recombination
Can be any physical or genetic trait

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

inheritance

A

some of these differences are inherited by offspring from their parents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

differential reproductive sucess

A

individuals with certain traits are more successful than others at surviving and reproducing in their environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

one of the major sources generating the variation on which natural selection acts

A

muatation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

a trait that serves one purpose today but eveolved under different selection conditions and served a different function in the past

A

exaptation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

components of natural selection

A

Variation
Inheritance
Differential reproductive success

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

selection

A

On PHENOTYPE not genotype

The same genotype may produce different phenotypes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

adaptation

A

A characteristic that evolved to serve the same primary function or functions that make it beneficial today
Monkeys grasping tree limbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

life history

A
When an organism reproduces
How it reproduces
How many offspring, their size
Where they live
What they eat
Etc.
Will look at an example of guppies in Trinidad
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

schooling

A

Schooling is an antipredator defense
Selfish herd effect
Predict guppies in high predator streams would form larger schools

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what do you need in natural selection lab

A

To be able to see many generations
Preserve early generations
Have multiple replicates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Who successfully ran the E.coli lab

A

Richard Lenski

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pleiotropy

A

– one gene has multiple effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Antagonistic pleiotropy

A

– a gene may have beneficial effects in one context, but deleterious effects in another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

large and small animals

square cube law

A

Metabolism higher in smaller animals
Greater potential for heat loss because surface area to volume (SA/V) ratio low
A smaller, lighter animal will generally have thinner bones
SA/V ratio low, so mass is relatively less

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

constraints on what natrual selection can achieve

A
  1. physical contraints- ostrage owl
  2. evolutionary arms race- coevolution, the prey is not always able to escape and the predator isnt always able to capture the prey
  3. Natural Selection lacks foresight- car part example
17
Q

Gene sharing

A

– genes gain new roles by being recruited in different parts of the body or at different times

18
Q

Lens crystallin proteins

A

– some are enzymes active elsewhere.