Chapter 3

Question 1

malfunctioning lysosomes

Answer 1

taysachs

Question 2

transport process that does not require energy

Answer 2

passive

Question 3

contains digestive enzymes, cleaners

Answer 3

lysosomes

Question 4

transport process that requires energy

Answer 4

active

Question 5

cell engulfs bacterium

Answer 5

phagocytosis

Question 6

a shrunken, wrinkled cell

Answer 6

crenated

Question 7

makes carbohydrates

Answer 7

golgicomplex

Question 8

protein channels in heart merge

Answer 8

gapjunctions

Question 9

connects skin cells

Answer 9

desmosomes

Question 10

molecules that makes channels and receptors in cells

Answer 10

proteins

Question 11

a solution w/ the same solute concentration as the cell

Answer 11

isotonic

Question 12

makes lipids

Answer 12

smoother

Question 13

a solution with more solute than the cell

Answer 13

hypertonic

Question 14

assembles amino acids into proteins

Answer 14

ribosomes

Question 15

a solution with less solute than the cell

Answer 15

hypotonic

Question 16

makes ATP

Answer 16

mitochondrian

Question 17

movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane

Answer 17

osmosis

Question 18

solute crosses membrane

Answer 18

dyalosis

Question 19

what happens to a cell in a hypotonic solution

Answer 19

swells

Question 20

malfunctioning cilia -

Answer 20

COPD

Question 21

chloride ions can’t cross membrane

Answer 21

cysticfibrosis

Question 22

makes intestinal cells impermeable

Answer 22

tightjunctions

Question 23

moves substances on outside of cell

Answer 23

cilia

Question 24

abnormal growths of cells can be ….

Answer 24

benign or malignant

Question 25

these tumors grow slowly ....

Answer 25

benign

Question 26

benign do not ...... to other tissues

Answer 26

spread

Question 27

usually not life threatening ....

Answer 27

benign

Question 28

also known as cancer

Answer 28

malignant tumors

Question 29

malignant tumors have irregular ...

Answer 29

structures

Question 30

cancer cells are ....

Answer 30

invasive

Question 31

cancer cells break through boundaries called ....

Answer 31

basement membranes

Question 32

cancer cells tend to have ...... tht invade surrounding tissues

Answer 32

tendrils

Question 33

malignant tumors grow ...

Answer 33

quickly

Question 34

its secrete chemical signal that causes blood vessels to grow to tumor

Answer 34

angiogenesis

Question 35

malignant tumors tend to ..... to other regions ...

Answer 35

spread

Question 36

when cancer cells enter either the blood stream or the lymphatic system

Answer 36

streaming

Question 37

leads to tumors beyond the original site -

Answer 37

metastasis

Question 38

cells have .....

Answer 38

lost contact inhibition

Question 39

where normal cells exhibit contact inhibition where they stop growing when they come in contact w/ another cell

Answer 39

contact inhibition

Question 40

theyre usually spherical

Answer 40

benign

Question 41

theyre irregular w/ tendrils

Answer 41

melignant

Question 42

little vascularization -

Answer 42

benign

Question 43

lots of vascularization (hijacks. vasc. Sys)

Answer 43

maglinant

Question 44

they can push but don't invade surroundings

Answer 44

benign

Question 45

they invade surroundings and strangle w tendrils

Answer 45

maglinant

Question 46

its "cancer causing"

Answer 46

carcinogens

Question 47

step 1: carcinogen damages a cells ..... and activatesit

Answer 47

DNA

Question 48

step 2: these cells reproduce and form a population of ....cells

Answer 48

mutated

Question 49

step 3: these mutated cells are then .......... by carcinogen

Answer 49

hit again

Question 50

virsuses inject their own ...... and ..... into normal cells

Answer 50

DNA or RNA

Question 51

this foreign DNA or RNA "distorts" normal chromosomes and makes the cells take on ....

Answer 51

new properties

Question 52

having had vertain virsuses may put you at a higher risk for ....

Answer 52

certain cancers

Question 53

four main types of cancers -

Answer 53

carcinomas sarcomas lymphomas leukemias

Question 54

they arise in organs

Answer 54

carcinomas

Question 55

includes, breast, skin, and brain cancers -

Answer 55

carcinomas

Question 56

they are connective tissue cells

Answer 56

sarcomas

Question 57

inclsudes cartilage, bone, and muscle

Answer 57

sarcomas

Question 58

the lymph system

Answer 58

lymphomas

Question 59

examples include hodgkins disease

Answer 59

lymphomas

Question 60

cancer of theblood cells -

Answer 60

leukemia

Question 61

treatments 1: | surgical removal of .......

Answer 61

primary tumor

Question 62

treatment 2: .... to kill any cancerous cells left in the immediate area

Answer 62

radiation

Question 63

its a low level of poison to kill any cells

Answer 63

chemotherapy

Question 64

most cells have ...

Answer 64

plasma membrane cytoplasm w/ organells nucleus

Question 65

makes ATP

Answer 65

mitochondria

Question 66

contains enzymes to digest food and microbes

Answer 66

lysosomes

Question 67

makes proteins (theyre the smallesT)

Answer 67

ribosomes

Question 68

they transport proteins

Answer 68

rough ER

Question 69

make lipids

Answer 69

smooth ER

Question 70

makes carbs, modifies proteins

Answer 70

golgi complex

Question 71

hair-like extensions of the plasma membrane

Answer 71

cilia

Question 72

function of cilia -

Answer 72

move substances (ex mucus)

Question 73

it dictates protein synthesis

Answer 73

nucleus

Question 74

the nucleus contains the nucleolus which makes ....

Answer 74

ribosomes

Question 75

cilia CANT keep ... clean

Answer 75

lungs

Question 76

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Answer 76

COPD

Question 77

plasma membrane =

Answer 77

cell membrane

Question 78

a flexible boudary of the cell that controls what enter and exits teh cell

Answer 78

plasma membrane

Question 79

phospholipids have 2 chemical properties that allow it to be by ....... and create a ........ zone

Answer 79

water , nonpolar

Question 80

three types of cell connections

Answer 80

desmosomes gap junctions tight junctions

Question 81

desmosomes are "......." that hold .......cells together -

Answer 81

spot welds / adjacent

Question 82

gap junctions are......... channels of ............... adhere

Answer 82

adjacent plasma membranes

Question 83

desmosomes are found in ....

Answer 83

skin

Question 84

gap junctions are found in ...

Answer 84

heart