Chapter 3 - Methods of Studying Consciousness Flashcards
Study of Consciousness
Consciousness is a psychological (hypothetical) construct - it is believed to exist but cannot be directly observed or measured. Much of what is known is inferred or assumed.
DARE
DARE
- Detect
- Amplify
- Record
- Electrical (activity)
What is and EEG?
DARE activity of the brain in the form of brain waves
What is an EMG?
DARE activity of the muscles
What is and EOG?
DARE activity of muscles that control eye movement
Other Instruments used to measure sleep?
- Body Temperature
- Heart Rate
- Galvanic Skin Response (GSR)
- Electrical conductivity of the skins surface
- Respiration Rate
- Blood Pressure
Brainwave frequency
number of brainwaves a second
(measured in Hertz/Hz)
Brainwave Amplitute
How high the brainwave goes
(height of peak and troughs on a brainwave graph)
What is Polysomnography?
The detailed monitoring and recording of physiological responses during sleep
What are Beta Waves?
Description: High frequency brainwaves and low amplitude
Association: typical brainwave pattern during NWC (alert and active)
What are Alpha Waves?
Description: Reasonably high frequency and low amplitude
Association: typical brainwave pattern when awake but very relaxed, very drowsy and about to fall asleep (i.e. daydreaming). Eyes are often closed.
What are Theta Waves?
Description: Medium frequency and mixed amplitude
Association: typical brainwave pattern during the early stages of sleep. Also seen in young children and psychopaths, may be caused by frustration.
What are Delta Waves?
Description: A steady pattern of low frequency and high amplitude waves
Association: typical brainwave pattern associated with NREM deep sleep. Also seen in babies and adults with brain tumors.
What are K-Complexes?
The sharp rise and fall in amplitude, lasting for about 2 seconds
What are sleep spindles?
Periodic bursts of rapid frequency which are indicative of stage 2 NREM sleep.
Brainwaves Summary
- Beta Waves (Awake)
- Alpha Waves (NREM)
- Theta Waves (NREM)
- Delta Waves (NREM)
- Sawtooth-beta like waves (REM)
