Chapter 32: Evolution and Diversity of Modern Gymnosperms and Angiosperms (Book Questions/Quiz)

Question 1

Gymnosperms and angiosperms are:

Multiple choice question.

seed plants

gnetophytes

lycophytes

flowering plants

Answer 1

seed plants

Question 2

Select all that apply

Angiosperm produce _________. Name all that apply.

Multiple select question.

flowers

cones

seed endosperm

fruits

Answer 2

flowers

seed endosperm

fruits

Question 3

Select all that apply

Identify the critical evolutionary innovations found in all seed plants but absent in seedless plants.

Multiple select question.

vascular tissue

leaves

ovules

flowers

pollen

Answer 3

ovules

pollen

Question 4

Gymnosperms are characterized by _______

Multiple choice question.

the absence of wood

enclosed, rather than exposed, seeds

exposed, rather than enclosed, seeds

the absence of seeds

Answer 4

exposed, rather than enclosed, seeds

Question 5

What trait of plant evolution allows for trees to grow in height?

Multiple choice question.

flowers

roots

wood

seeds

Answer 5

wood

Question 6

Select all that apply

Which two groups comprise the seed plants?

Multiple select question.

gymnosperms

pteridophytes

angiosperms

hornworts

lycophytes

Answer 6

gymnosperms

angiosperms

Question 7

The coralloid roots of cycads derive their name from ________

Multiple choice question.

their interactions with soil organisms

their reproductive ability

their ability to thrive in salt water

their branching growth form

Answer 7

their branching growth form

Question 8

Select all the features that gymnosperm have in common with angiosperm.

Multiple select question.

fruits

flowers

seeds

pollen

wood

Answer 8

seeds

pollen

wood

Question 9

Select all that apply

Select all features of Ginkgo biloba.

Multiple select question.

sex chromosome system similar to humans

spreading, palm-like leaves

only remaining species of its phylum

many evergreen representatives

leaves with unusual forked veins

most diverse gymnosperm lineage

Answer 9

sex chromosome system similar to humans

only remaining species of its phylum

leaves with unusual forked veins

Question 10

Match the evolutionary innovation of seed plants with the advantage it provides.

wood
ovules
pollen
seeds

gametophyte dispersal
gametophyte protection
tall growth
reproduction in diverse environments

Answer 10

1C
2B
3A
4D

Question 11

Gymnosperms get their name from the Greek “gymnos” and “sperma” meaning _______ ________,, which describes their seed structure.

Answer 11

naked; seed

Question 12

The plant material, composed of xylem tissue, that allows trees like sequoias to grow very tall is known as ______

Answer 12

wood

Question 13

What is the most diverse group of gymnosperms?

Multiple choice question.

Ginkgo

cycads

conifers

Gnetophytes

Answer 13

conifers

Question 14

Select all that apply

Select all properties of cycads.

Multiple select question.

represented by only one species

bilobed leaves

coralloid roots

beetles act as pollinators

spreading, palm-like leaves

Answer 14

coralloid roots

beetles act as pollinators

spreading, palm-like leaves

Question 15

The Ginkgo _________ tree is a gymnosperm which has bilobed leaves with forked veins.

Answer 15

biloba

Question 16

The evolutionary success of angiosperms is based upon traits that are absent or rare in other plants. These include _______, _______, and __________.

Answer 16

Flowers, fruits, endosperm or seeds

Question 17

A significant innovation in angiosperms is a fertilization product that nourishes the embryo. It is called:

Multiple choice question.

endosperm

a synergid

integument

a micropyle

Answer 17

endosperm

Question 18

The most diverse modern gymnosperm lineage is the _____.

Answer 18

conifers

Question 19

What does the presence of flowers, fruits, and seed endosperm accomplish for angiosperms?

Multiple choice question.

Conservation of water in arid environments

Production and dispersal of seeds and enclosed embryos

Less energy needed for reproductive activities

Answer 19

Production and dispersal of seeds and enclosed embryos

Question 20

__________ are angiosperm reproductive structures that are specialized for the efficient production of pollen and seeds.

Answer 20

Flowers

Question 21

Flowers that contain all four types of organs are called _______, while those that lack one or more organs are called ____________

Answer 21

complete; incomplete

Question 22

Which of the following is not a significant angiosperm-specific evolutionary advance?

Multiple choice question.

endosperm

xylem

fruits

flowers

Answer 22

xylem

Question 23

Ovules are produced by the ________ of a flower.

Multiple choice question.

stamen

sepals

anther

carpels

Answer 23

carpels

Question 24

What is the function of flowers?

Multiple choice question.

pollen and seed production

efficient gas exchange

protection from herbivory

Answer 24

pollen and seed production

Question 25

# Choose all plants that undergo double fertilization. Multiple select question. apple trees pine trees tomatoes ferns

Answer 25

apple trees tomatoes

Question 26

In gymnosperms and angiosperms, the fertilized ovule develops into a(n) Multiple choice question. egg. megaspore. pollen tube. seed.

Answer 26

seed.

Question 27

What is the difference between complete and incomplete flowers? Multiple choice question. Complete flowers have all four major flower organ types; incomplete do not. Complete flowers are capable of self-fertilization; incomplete are not. Complete flowers have separate sepals and petals; incomplete have tepals.

Answer 27

Complete flowers have all four major flower organ types; incomplete do not.

Question 28

What portion of a flower will develop into a fruit? Multiple choice question. pedicel ovary anther pollen granule

Answer 28

ovary

Question 29

The two latest diverging lineages of angiosperms are the __________ and ___________.

Answer 29

monocots; eudicots

Question 30

What flower structure produces ovules? Multiple choice question. carpel perianth filament receptacle stamen

Answer 30

carpel

Question 31

The products of double fertilization are: Multiple choice question. egg and sperm zygote and endosperm angiosperm and gymnosperm sporophyte and gametophyte

Answer 31

zygote and endosperm

Question 32

Angiosperms with a single cotyledon are called ________, and angiosperms with two cotyledons are called ___________.

Answer 32

monocots; eudicots cotyledons are embryonic leaves (count of flower parts)

Question 33

In angiosperms, the _________ develops into fruit after fertilization.

Answer 33

Ovary

Question 34

Select all that apply Choose the two angiosperm lineages that have diverged most recently. Multiple select question. Amborella monocots star anise and relatives eudicots magnoliids water lilies

Answer 34

monocots eudicots

Question 35

Select all that apply Select all traits that apply to monocots but not eudicots: Multiple select question. flower parts in multiples of four or five angiosperm two cotyledons flower parts in multiples of three single cotyledon gymnosperm

Answer 35

flower parts in multiples of three single cotyledon

Question 36

An animal that transfers pollen between plants is known as a(n) _________

Answer 36

pollinator

Question 37

What is the main function of a fruit? Multiple choice question. to provide food for the young plants as they germinate to disperse the enclosed seeds to provide a meal for a pollinator

Answer 37

to disperse the enclosed seeds

Question 38

Eudicots are Multiple choice question. gymnosperms with one cotyledon. angiosperms with one cotyledon. gymnosperms with two cotyledons. angiosperms with two cotyledons.

Answer 38

angiosperms with two cotyledons.

Question 39

Fruits are structures that develop from _________ walls and function in the dispersal of ________ that are enclosed in them.

Answer 39

overy; seeds

Question 40

What portion of a flower will develop into a fruit? Multiple choice question. ovary anther pedicel pollen granule

Answer 40

ovary

Question 41

Molecules that are synthesized by organisms but are not essential for cell structure and growth are known as: Multiple choice question. extracellular metabolites secondary metabolites intracellular metabolites primary metabolites

Answer 41

secondary metabolites

Question 42

A pollinator is a(n) Multiple choice question. animal that transports pistils to the pollen of plants. plant that overproduces pollen. plant that overproduces pistils. animal that transfers pollen between plants.

Answer 42

animal that transfers pollen between plants.

Question 43

The process by which two or more species influence each other's evolutionary pathways is called _________

Answer 43

coevolution

Question 44

The main function of a fruit is to disperse the ___________ enclosed in it.

Answer 44

seed

Question 45

Pollinators transfer pollen from the _________ of one flower to the ____________ of other flowers of the same species.

Answer 45

anther; stigma

Question 46

Why do plants have to signal fruit ripeness? Multiple choice question. Because when inside of fruits, plant seeds have limited viability. Because ripe fruits can rot and in the process the seeds are usually completely destroyed. Because ripe fruits can easily rot and become inedible.

Answer 46

Because ripe fruits can easily rot and become inedible.

Question 47

During coevolution: Multiple choice question. Two or more species influence each other's evolutionary pathways Plant and animal species evolve similar features due to genes they may share Two or more species evolve similar features even though they may not be related Plant and animal species exchange genes through horizontal gene transfer

Answer 47

Two or more species influence each other's evolutionary pathways

Question 48

A plant embryo receiving nutrition from the maternal plant is an example of Question 1 options: chemotrophy allotrophy heterotrophy autotrophy matrotrophy

Answer 48

matrotrophy

Question 49

The conspicuous green parts of ferns that you see in the woods are mostly sporophytes. Question 2 options: True False

Answer 49

True

Question 50

Which of the following statements characterizes euphylls? Question 3 options: They differ from lycophylls by having a single, unbranched vein rather than a branched vascular system. They are thought to have evolved from a branch that flattened and developed photosyntehtic tissue between the branches. They are also called microphylls because they tend to be much smaller than lycophylls. All of the above are correct statements about euphylls.

Answer 50

They are thought to have evolved from a branch that flattened and developed photosyntehtic tissue between the branches.

Question 51

Two characteristics shared by gymnosperms and angiosperms that are absent from earlier plant groups and represent key adaptations to life on dry land are Question 4 options: chlorophyll a and protected reproductive structures; pollen and seeds. flagellated sperm and gametangia. a vascular system and lignin. flowers and fruits.

Answer 51

pollen and seeds.

Question 52

Which of the following statements is the most accurate description of fruits and seeds? Question 5 options: Fruits always have fleshy coverings, while those of seeds are always hard. "Fruits" and "seeds" are synonymous terms. Fruits are structures that contain seeds and foster seed dispersal. Fruits contain endosperm but seeds do not. Fruits are produced only by angiosperms and seeds are produced exclusively by gymnosperms.

Answer 52

Fruits are structures that contain seeds and foster seed dispersal.

Question 53

In our Columbine case study, we learned about different pollination syndromes. A pollination syndrome characterized by flowers that are purplish-brown and produce a smell of rotting meat or carrion is characteristic of Question 6 options: sphignophily ornithophily myophily sapromyophily psychopily

Answer 53

sapromyophily

Question 54

In our Columbine case study, we learned that the lines of a cladogram illustrate Question 7 options: the sequence in which the different species evolved. where two species hybridized. lineages of organisms. common ancestors of different species. none of the above.

Answer 54

lineages of organisms.

Question 55

Meiosis does not occur in gametophytes. Question 8 options: True False

Answer 55

False WRONG

Question 56

In our Columbine case study, we learned about pollination syndromes. A pollination syndrome is Question 9 options: specializations of plants that attract a specific kind of pollinator. a brush-like tongue of hummingbirds to which pollen adheres. a series of bristles on the backs of insects to which pollen adheres. the synchronous release of pollen by many individuals of wind-pollinated trees. the simultaneous release of two sperm, one to affect fertilization and the other to initiate formation of endosperm.

Answer 56

specializations of plants that attract a specific kind of pollinator.

Question 57

The angiosperm plant we see represents the ________ generation, and the flower produces ________. Question 10 options: gametophyte; bryophytes gametophyte; sporophytes sporophyte; bryophytes sporophyte; gametophytes

Answer 57

sporophyte; gametophytes

Question 58

In our Columbine case study, we learned that the nodes of a cladogram illustrate Question 11 options: lineages of organisms. common ancestors of different species. where two species hybridized. the sequence in which the different species evolved. none of the above.

Answer 58

common ancestors of different species.

Question 59

Modern evidence for the first major explosion of land plants can be seen in the Question 12 options: oxygen content of the atmosphere sphagnum peat bogs increases in carbon dioxide emissions rich carboniferous coal deposits modern distribution of lycophyte forests

Answer 59

rich carboniferous coal deposits

Question 60

Double fertilization is Question 13 options: fertilization of an egg and an endosperm-forming cell by the same sperm. fertilization of an egg by two sperm. fertilization of two eggs by the same sperm. fertilization of two eggs in the same flower. fertilization of an egg by one sperm and an endosperm-forming cell by another sperm.

Answer 60

fertilization of an egg by one sperm and an endosperm-forming cell by another sperm.

Question 61

In the plant life cycle, the gametophyte is the haploid generation and produces haploid gametes. Question 14 options: True False

Answer 61

True

Question 62

In our Columbine case study, we learned about adaptations for pollination. Flower adaptations like scent and color are Question 15 options: examples of primary attractants. only important if the pollinators are birds and bees. not important adaptations for pollination. examples of secondary attractants.

Answer 62

examples of secondary attractants.