Chapter 4/5 (#2) Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 4/5 (#2) Deck (24)
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1
Q

Intracellular Membranes

A
  • synthesis, storage, transport/ export molecules
2
Q

ER:

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

3
Q

Smooth ER (SER)

A
  • tubular
  • synthesis of lipids, cholesterol, vitamin D
  • detox of poisons
4
Q

Rough ER (RER)

A
  • flattened sacs ribosomes

- synthesis of PROTEINS

5
Q

Transport Vesicles

A

-membrane sacs, carry ER products

6
Q

Golgi Apparatus

A
  • parallel flattened compartments
  • packages lipids/ proteins

-DIRECTS transport to other sites
(mailman of cell)

7
Q

Lysosomes

A
  • permanent vesicles

- contain digestive ENZYMES

8
Q

_______ recycle worn out cell parts,

break down ingested debris

A

Lysosomes

9
Q

Peroxisome

A
  • breaks DOWN hydrogen peroxide
  • H2O2 can damage cell
  • H2O2 is byproduct of rxns
10
Q

Mitochondrion

A
  • provides energy for cellular activities
  • breakdown carbon containing molecules
  • process is called AEROBIC RESPIRATION*
11
Q

Mitochondria are MOST abundant in cells with a…

A
  • high activity level

- muscle cells have MOST mitochondria

12
Q

Mitochondria have their OWN…

A
  • DNA
  • ribosomes
  • reproductive cycle
13
Q

Specialized Structures

A

-only found in certain cell types

14
Q

Plastids

A
  • found in plants AND protistans
  • harvest solar energy
  • store materials
15
Q

Chloroplasts

A
  • convert solar energy into chemical energy in form of CARBON compounds…
  • photosynthesis
  • have their own DNA
  • originated via endosymbiosis
16
Q

Chromoplasts

A
  • give color to fruits/flowers

- store yellow, orange, red pigments

17
Q

Leucoplasts

A

-colorless storage organelles

store starch granules, lipids, proteins

18
Q

Large Central Vacuole

A
  • contains H2O, storage products
  • reduces the volume of active cytoplasm &
  • increases the cells SA/V ratio
  • pressure of H2O keeps cells inflated that prevents wilting
19
Q

Some Large Central Vacuole contain…

A

1) poisons that protect plants from animals

2) rubber or opium

20
Q

Contractile Vacuole

A
  • collets H2O, pumps out

- found in FRESH water protistans

21
Q

Flagellum

A
  • found in SOME protista
  • long, whip-like
    ex. sperm cells
22
Q

Cilia

A
  • many short projections
  • found in SOME protista
    ex. found in respiratory tract
23
Q

Cell Walls

A
  • surround PLANT cells
  • cellulose in PLANTS
  • found in archaea, bacteria, fungi, protista
24
Q

Extracellular Matrix

A
  • produced by most animal cells
  • fibrous proteins/polysaccharides
  • surround cells
  • glues cells to one another
    ex. bones