Chapter 5 Chemical Structures Flashcards
Single bonds have what kind of rotation
Free rotation
Structural isomer
Chemicals that have the same formula but the atoms are arranged in different organization
Double bonds have what kind of rotation
No rotation because the double bonds lock it into place
Cis means
Same side
H H
\ /
C==C
/ \
HOOC COOHTrans means
Different side
HOOC H
\ /
C==C
/ \
HOOC HWhat is the only difference between cis and trans
The orientation around the double bond
Unsaturated fats use what kind of bonds
Cis- double bonds
What is a tetrahedral
Carbons with four single bonds have a tetrahedral geometry
What is a stereoisomer
They are identical to each other except for they are not superimposable mirrors of each other
Chiral molecules**
Enantiomers
They are mirror images of each other.
Ex: All four groups on the molecule are different from each other we can't superimposed them on top of each other but we can reflect them in the mirror.
O O
| |
N--C--OH OH--C--N
| |
H H
Diastereomer
Not mirror images of each other
CH3 CH3
| |
X--C--H H--C--X
| |
Y--C--H Y--C--H
| |
CH3 CH3
R configuration
Turns left (clockwise)
S configuration
Turns right (counterclockwise )
How do you figure out if it is a R or S shape
You add up the atomic weight of the first Adam if it is a tie then you add the weight of the next atomm to see which one is heavier
Glucose and fructose are what type of isomers
Structural
