Flashcards in Chapter 7 Deck (120):
1
endocrine
senses status and the signals to keep body's functions in balance
2
the endocrine glands
hypothalamus
pituitary
thyroid
parathyroid
adrenal
pancreas
gonad
3
adeno
gland (any gland)
4
adreno
adrenal gland
on+kidney
5
pancreato
pancreas
6
pituitor
pituitary gland
7
hypophyso
pituitary gland
under+physis
8
thymo
thymus
9
gland
signal maker/sender in endocrine system
10
hypothalamus
main gland that sends signals to other glands
under the thalmus
main role: direct activity of pituitary gland --> causes release of releasing homones
11
what are the two parts of the pituitary gland
anterior
postior
12
anterior
origin for blood traveling hormones and stimulates other glands like thyroid
13
thyroid/o
thyroid
14
thyr/o
thyroid
15
hormones
signals
16
crin/o
secretion
17
adrenocorticotropic hormone
ACTH; hormone that causes the arenal cortex to release hormones
18
THS
thyroid stimulating gland
19
what stimulates the gonads?
luteinizing hormone (LH)
follicle-stimulating hormone
20
what are the three hormones that the thyroid makes
T4
T3
calcitonin
21
hyperthyroidism
overactive thyroid; oversecretino of T3 and T4 into the blood causing body's metabolic rate to increase and caused weight loss and a feeling of tiredness
22
hypothyroidism
under active thyroid; under secretion of T3 and T4 into the blood; weight gain and tiredness
23
calcitonin
hormone that encourages calcium in blood to be absorbed into the bone
24
parathyroid
creates a hormone that makes sure not too much calcium is in blood
25
pancreas
both endocrine and digestive organ
endocrine part: makes two hormones that keep level of sugar in blood in balance
26
insulin
decreases level of sugar in blood by encouraging cells to accept glucose
27
glucagon
works against insulin; tells liver to release stored sugar to increase amount in blood
28
adrenal gland
creates hormones in two parts (inner and outer)
29
inner part of adrenal gland
medulla: epinephrine or adrenaline
30
outer part of adrenal gland
cortex: release of corticosteroids
31
gonads
test in men and est in women
32
glycemia
checking glucose level in blood
33
hyperglycemia
high level of glucose in blood
34
hypoglycemia
low levels of glucose in blood
35
euglycemia
normal levels of glucose in blood
36
gluc/o
sugar
37
glus/o
sugar
38
glyc/o
sugar
39
crin/o
to secrete
40
endocrine
to secrete internally
41
-tropin
stimulating hormone
42
-emia
blood condition
43
-uria
urine condition
44
pituitary giantism
abnormally large
45
pituitary dwarfism
abnormally small
46
acromegaly
extra growth is disproportionate in face and long bones of body
47
exophthalmos
bulging of eyes
48
myxedema
due to hypothyroidism; swelling and puffiness of hands and feet
49
polydipsia
excessive thirst
50
polyuria
excessive urine
51
polyphagia
excessive hunger
52
adrenal virilism
development of male secondary sex characteristics due to over secretion of adrenal gland
53
hirutism
facial hair in women due to overactive adrenal gland
54
hypergonadism
overactive gonad gland
55
menarche
first occurrence of menstruation
56
thelarche
breast development
57
amenorrhea
lack of menstruation
58
gynecomastia
male breast development
59
acromegaly
abnormal enlargement of extremities
extremities+abnormal enlargement
60
adrenal virilism
development of male secondary sexual characteristics caused by excessive secreation of adrenal glands
61
goiter
swollen thyroid gland
62
myxedema
swelling of skin caused by deposits under skin
63
-edema
swelling
64
epinephrine
same thing as adrenaline
65
gluconeogenesis
how fast sugar is being made
66
glycolysis
has fast sugar is broken down
67
glucosuria
sugar in the urine
GLOO koh SOO ree ah
68
uremia
presence of urinary waste in blood
yoo REE mee ah
69
adrenaline
hormone secreted by adrenal gland
70
-ine
chemical
71
corticotropin
shorter name for adrenocorticotropic hormone
72
epinephrine
hormone secreted by adrenal gland (means same thing as adrenaline)
upon+kidney+chemical
73
gonadotropin
hormone that stimulates the gonads
74
insulin
hormone secreted by pancreas that controls the metabolism and update of sugar and fats
75
thyrotropin
hormone that stimulates thyroid
76
endocrine
to secrete internally (usually into blood steam)
77
euthyroid
normal functioning thyroid
78
insufficient
gland that isn't making enough of a hormone
79
diabetes
when glycogen and insulin from pancreas work against each other
80
adenoma
when tumor on a gland is benign
81
adenocarcinoma
when tumor on gland i s malignant
82
pituitary infarctions
bleeding into a gland causing those cells to die (in pituitary gland in this case)
83
adenitis
inflammation of gland
AD en AI tis
84
adenoma
glandular tumor
AD en NOH mah
85
diabetes mellitus
metabolic disease characterized by excessive urination and hyperglycemia
MEH lih tis
86
hyperparathyroidism
over production of parathyroid glands
87
hyperthyroidism
overproduction of thyroid glands
88
insulinoma
tumor that secretes insulin (found in insulin producing cells in pancreas)
89
panhypopituitarism
defective or absent function of entire pituitary gland
90
thyrotoxicosis
condition caused by exposure of body tissue to excessive levels of thryroid hormones
91
hormone replacement therapy
bringing hormone levels back to normal
92
adenectomy
complete removal of a gland
93
adrenalectomy
removal of adrenal gland
94
hypophysectomy
removal of pituitary gland
95
thymectomy
removal of thymus
96
thyroidotoxin
substance poisonous to thyroid gland
97
BS
blood sugar
98
CGM
continuous glucose monitor
99
CSII
continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion
100
DI
diabetes insipidus
101
DM
diabetes mellitus
102
FBS
fasting blood sugar
103
GDM
gestational diabetes mellitus
104
GH g
growth hormone
105
GTT
growth tolerance test
106
IDDM
insuline dependent diabetes mellitus (type 1)
107
NIDDM
non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (type 2)
108
TFT
thyroid function test
109
TSH
thyroid stimulating hormone
110
T3
triiodothyronine (one of three primary produced by thyroid)
111
T4
thyroxine
112
insulin
hormone released when blood sugar is high; moves sugar into cells
113
chloremia
elevated blood levels of chloride
114
hypercalcemia
elevated blood levels of calcium
115
hyperkalemia
elevated blood levels of potassium (K)
116
hypermatremia
elevated blood levels of sodium (Na)
117
hyperphosphatemia
elevated blood levels of phosphate
118
calciuria
calcium in the urine
119
glucosuria
sugar in the urine
120