Chapter 7: Respiratory System Flashcards
(230 cards)
1
Q
the organs of the respiratory system are responsible for 3 things
A
1- bringing fresh air into the lungs
2- exchanging oxygen for carbon dioxide
3- exhaling stale air
2
Q
organs of the respiratory system
A
- nasal cavity
- pharynx
- larynx
- trachea
- bronchial tubes
- lungs
3
Q
aer/o
A
air
4
Q
alveol/o
A
alveolus
5
Q
anthrac/o
A
coal
6
Q
atel/o
A
incomplete
7
Q
bronch/o
A
bronchus
8
Q
bronchiol/o
A
bronchiole
9
Q
coni/o
A
dust
10
Q
cyan/o
A
blue
11
Q
cyst/o
A
sac, bladder
12
Q
diaphragmat/o
A
diaphragm
13
Q
epiglott/o
A
epiglottis
14
Q
hal/o
A
to breathe
15
Q
laryng/o
A
larynx
16
Q
lob/o
A
lobe
17
Q
muc/o
A
mucus
18
Q
nas/o
A
nose
19
Q
ox/o, ox/i
A
oxygen
20
Q
pharyng/o
A
pharynx
21
Q
pleur/o
A
pleura
22
Q
pneum/o
A
lung, air
23
Q
pneumon/o
A
lung, air
24
Q
pulmon/o
A
lung
25
rhin/o
nose
26
sept/o
wall
27
sinus/o
sinus
28
somn/o
sleep
29
spir/o
breathing
30
trache/o
trachea, windpipe
31
tuss/o
cough
32
-capnia
carbon dioxide
33
-osmia
smell
34
-phonia
voice
35
-phylaxis
protection
36
-pnea
breathing
37
-ptysis
spitting
38
-thorax
chest
39
what 2 systems work together on gas exchange
respiratory and cardiovascular systems
40
respiration must be
continuous
41
respiration is divided into 3 parts
1- ventilation
2- external respiration
3- internal respiration
42
ventilation is the
flow of air between the outside environment and the lungs in 2 stages
43
2 stages of the ventilation of the lungs
1- inhalation
2- exhalation
44
inhalation
the flow of air into the lungs, bringing fresh oxygen into the air sacs
45
exhalation
the flow of air out of the lungs, removing carbon dioxide
46
external respiration
the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs
47
oxygen leaves __________ and enters ________________
air sacs/ the bloodstream
48
carbon dioxide leaves _________________ and enters ______________
the bloodstream/ air sacs
49
internal respiration
the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide at the cellular level
50
oxygen is needed for _______ ________________
cell metabolism
51
oxygen leaves the _________________ and is delivered to the ___________
bloodstream/ tissues
52
carbon dioxide is a __________ ______________
waste product
53
carbon dioxide leaves the _________ and enters the _________________ for ____________ by the lungs
tissues/ bloodstream/ disposal
54
air enters the nasal cavity at the ________
nares
55
the nasal cavity is divided by the _________ ____________
nasal septum
56
the ____________ separates the nasal cavity from the mouth
palate
57
_______ ______________ lines the cavity and secretes __________
mucous membrane/ mucus
58
function of mucus
cleans air by trapping particles
59
_____________ in the membrane warm the air as it passes through
capillaries
60
______ line nasal opening and filter air
cilia
61
___________ ___________ aid in sound production and voice resonance
paranasal sinuses
62
the pharynx has both _________________ and _________________ functions
respiratory and digestive
63
the pharynx is ___ inches long
5
64
the pharynx is divided into
- nasopharynx
- oropharynx
- laryngopharynx
65
the _________ are located in the pharynx and capture pathogens
tonsils
66
the opening of the eustachian tube is in the _____________
nasopharynx
67
the larynx is a _____________ structure between the ____________ and the __________
muscular/ pharynx/ trachea
68
the larynx contains the _________ _________
vocal cords
69
the ________ is an opening between the folds of the larynx
glottis
70
the _____________ prevents food and liquid from being inhaled into the lungs
epiglottis
71
the larynx is made of _________________ plates held in place with ligaments and muscles
cartilaginous
72
the trachea is a tube composed of _________ and _________
smooth muscle and cartilage rings
73
the trachea carries
air from the larynx to the main bronchi
74
the trachea is lined with _____________ and ______
mucous membrane and cilia
75
the mucous membrane within the trachea aids in
cleaning, warming, and moisturizing air as it travels to the lungs
76
the narrowest branches of the bronchial tubes are
bronchioles
77
bronchioles terminate in
alveoli
78
_____________ capillaries encase alveoli
pulmonary
79
gas exchange occurs in the
pulmonary capillaries
80
each lung is a total collection of _________, _____________, and ____________
bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli
81
the lungs are protected by the
pleura
82
outer layer that lines the chest activity
parietal pleura
83
inner layer that adheres to the lung surface
visceral pleura
84
the pleura forms a sac around each lung called the
pleural cavity
85
each lung is divided into
lobes
86
the right lung has ____ lobes
three
87
the left lung has ____ lobes
two
88
the ________ _______ is the entry and exit point for bronchi, vessels, and nerves
medial hilum
89
measurement of the volume of air within the lungs determines
lung capacity
90
a respiratory therapist measures lung volume using
pulmonary function tests
91
tidal volume (TV)
volume of air moving in and out of lungs in a single relaxed breath
92
inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
volume of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal inhalation
93
expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
volume of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal exhalation
94
residual volume (RV)
volume of air remaining in lungs after a forced exhalation
95
inspiratory capacity (IC)
the volume of air inhaled after a normal exhalation
96
functional residual capacity (FRC)
amount of air that remains in the lungs after a normal exhalation
97
vital capacity (VC)
volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation; equal to TV+IRV+ERV
98
total lung capacity (TLC)
volume of air in the lungs after a maximal inhalation
99
the diaphragm produces a difference in ___________ and _________ pressure
atmospheric and thoracic
100
when the diaphragm contracts, it increases __________ ________ and decreases _________ _________
thoracic volume/ thoracic pressure
101
unforced breaths are
passive
102
forced breaths are
active
103
respiratory rate in breaths per minute is one of the
vital signs
104
rate is regulated by _____________ in the blood
CO
105
when the carbon dioxide level is high, breathing is _______ to expel the waste
rapid
106
newborn's RPM
30-60
107
1-year-old's RPM
18-30
108
16-year-old's RPM
16-20
109
adult's RPM
12-20
110
aer/o
air
111
alveol/o
alveolus
112
angi/o
vessel
113
anthrac/o
coal
114
arteri/o
artery
115
atel/o
incomplete
116
bar/o
weight
117
bi/o
life
118
bronch/o
bronchus
119
bronchi/o
bronchus
120
bronchiol/o
bronchiole
121
carcin/o
cancer
122
cardi/o
heart
123
coni/o
dust
124
cortic/o
outer layer
125
cyan/o
blue
126
cyst/o
cyst, bladder
127
cyt/o
cell
128
diaphragmat/o
diaphragm
129
embol/o
plug
130
epiglott/o
epiglottis
131
fibr/o
fibers
132
hem/o
blood
133
hist/o
tissue
134
laryng/o
larynx
135
lob/o
lobe
136
muc/o
mucus
137
myc/o
fungus
138
nas/o
nose
139
orth/o
straight
140
ot/o
ear
141
ox/i
oxygen
142
ox/o
oxygen
143
pharyng/o
pharynx
144
pleur/o
pleura
145
pneum/o
air
146
pneumon/o
lung
147
pulmon/o
lung
148
py/o
pus
149
rhin/o
nose
150
sept/o
wall
151
sinus/o
sinus
152
somn/o
sleep
153
spir/o
breathing
154
thorac/o
chest
155
trache/o
trachea
156
tuss/o
cough
157
-al
pertaining to
158
-algia
pain
159
-ar
pertaining to
160
-ary
pertaining to
161
-capnia
carbon dioxide
162
-centesis
puncture to withdraw fluid
163
-dynia
pain
164
-eal
pertaining to
165
-ectasis
dilation
166
-ectomy
surgical removal
167
-emia
blood condition
168
-genic
produced by
169
-gram
record
170
-graphy
process of recording
171
-ia
condition
172
-ic
pertaining to
173
-ism
state of
174
-itis
inflammation
175
-logy
study of
176
-lytic
destruction
177
-meter
instrument to measure
178
-metry
process of measuring
179
-oma
tumor
180
-ory
pertaining to
181
-osis
abnormal condition
182
-osmia
smell
183
-ostomy
surgically create opening
184
-otomy
cutting into
185
-ous
pertaining to
186
-phonia
voice
187
-phylaxis
protection
188
-plasm
formation
189
-plasty
surgical repair
190
-plegia
paralysis
191
-pnea
breathing
192
-ptysis
spitting
193
-rrhagia
abnormal flow condition
194
-rrhea
discharge
195
-scope
instrument for viewing
196
-scopy
process of visually examining
197
-spasm
involuntary muscle contraction
198
-stenosis
narrowing
199
-thorax
chest
200
-tic
pertaining to
201
dis-
apart from
202
endo-
within
203
eu-
normal
204
alveolar
pertaining to the alveoli
205
bronchial
pertaining to the bronchus
206
bronchiolar
pertaining to a bronchiole
207
diaphragmatic
pertaining to the diaphragm
208
epiglottic
pertaining to the epiglottis
209
laryngeal
pertaining to the larynx
210
lobar
pertaining to the lobe of the lung
211
mucous
pertaining to mucus
212
nasal
pertaining to the nose
213
nasopharyngeal
pertaining to the nose and pharynx
214
paranasal
pertaining to beside the nose
215
pharyngeal
pertaining to the pharynx
216
pleural
pertaining to the pleura
217
pulmonary
pertaining to the lung
218
septal
pertaining to the nasal septum
219
thoracic
pertaining to the chest
220
tracheal
pertaining to the trachea
221
epistaxis
a nosebleed
222
hemothorax
the presence of blood in the chest cavity
223
pertussis
whooping cough
224
adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
acute respiratory failure
225
cystic fibrosis (CF)
produces very thick mucus that causes severe congestion
226
pneumonia
inflammatory condition of the lungs
227
pulmonary edema
accumulation of an excessive amount of fluid in the lung tissues
228
pulmonary embolism (PE)
obstruction of the pulmonary artery by a floating blood clot
229
arterial blood gases (ABG)
test of oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood
230
CXR
chest x-ray
