chapter 8 Flashcards
(22 cards)
a stimulus follows a response and decreases the probability of similar responses under similar circumstances
punishment
punishment is the______________, and the actual consequence is the______________
process
punisher
3 characteristics of punishment
a behavior must have a consequence
the behavior must be the decrease of the consequence
the decrease must be the result of the consequence
the consequence is added
positive punishment
the punisher is subtracted after the response
negative punishment
Response dimensions that be punished….
response___________
response_________
response____________
response__________
rate
magnitude
duration
topography
all things equal, the greater the _________ between behavior punisher, the quicker and faster the behavior____________, or the _______________ the____________ of behavior
contingency
decreases
greater
suppression
(all things equal) the greater the contingency between behavior punisher, the quicker and faster the behavior decreases (or the greater the suppression of behavior)
Contingency in punishment
all things equal, greater the contiguity between the behavior and punisher, the more effective is the punishment.
temporal contiguity
all things equal) the greater the temporal contiguity (the shorter the delay between a behavior and a punisher) the more effective the punishment.
(Temporal) continuity in punishment
(all things equal) the more intense the punisher the more effective the punishment
Punisher intensity (aka magnitude)
two problems with physical punishment are that the recipient may try to run away called_____________ or fight back, ________________
escape
aggression
variables that affect punishment
contingency
temporal contiguity
punisher probability
punisher magnitude
introductory level of punishment
reinforcement of the punished behavior
alternative sources of reinforcement
motivating operations
all things equal, the greater the probability of punishment, the quicker and stronger the decrease in probability of responding
Punisher probability
all things equal, the lower the introductory level of punishment, the less effective the punishment.
Introductory level of punishment
the greater the MO (EO) the less the effect of punishment on behavior
Motivating operations
lower-probability behaviors will punish high-probability behaviors
Premack Principle of punishment
problems with physical [positive] punishment
escape
aggression
apathy
abuse
imitation
the__________ is usually a negatively reinforced
escape
often the __________ behavior results in ___________
sometimes the _____________ behavior producess not obvious______________
aggressive
escape
aggressive
consequences
alternatives to physical [positive] punishment
response prevention
extinction
Differential reinforcement
