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Medical Terminology > Chp. 10: Nervous System > Flashcards

Chp. 10: Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Define cerebellar

A

pertaining to the cerebellum

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2
Q

Define cerebral

A

pertaining to the cerebrum

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3
Q

Define subdural hematoma

A

pertaining to the mass of blood below the dura mater

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4
Q

Define epidural hematoma

A

pertaining to the collection of blood above the dura mater

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5
Q

Define encephalitis

A

inflammation of the brain

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6
Q

Define encephalopathy

A

disease for the brain

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7
Q

Define anencephaly

A

no brain
- no life

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8
Q

Define glioblastoma

A

malignant brain tumor of immature glial cells

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9
Q

Define meningeal

A

pertaining to the meninges

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10
Q

Define meningioma

A

benign tumor of the meninges

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11
Q

Define myelomeningocele

A

hernia of the spinal cord and meninges

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12
Q

Define myoneural

A

pertaining to the muscle and nerves

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13
Q

Define myelopathy

A

disease of the spinal cord

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14
Q

Define neuropathy

A

disease for the nerves

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15
Q

Define polyneuritis

A

inflammation of many nerves

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16
Q

Define radiculopathy

A

disease of the nerve root

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17
Q

Define radiculitis

A

inflammation of the nerve root

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18
Q

Define vagal

A

pertaining to the vagus nerves

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19
Q

Define analgesia

A

pertaining to no sensation to pain

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20
Q

Define hypalgesia

A

decreased sensitivity to pain
- effects cerebrum

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21
Q

Define neuralgia

A

nerve pain

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22
Q

Define cephalgia

A

head pain

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23
Q

Define causalgia

A

burning pain

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24
Q

Define comatose

A

pertaining to a deep sleep

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25
Define anesthesia
without feeling to reduce sensation
26
Define hyperesthesia
intense sensation
27
Define paresthesia
abnormal sensation burning or prickling
28
Define bradykinesia
slow movement
29
Define hyperkinesis
excessive movement
30
Define dyskensia
painful movement
31
Define narcolepsy
sleep seizure
32
Define hemiparesis
weakness of half the body
33
Define aphasia
without speech
34
Define hemiplegia
paralysis to half the body
35
Define quadriplegia
all four extremities are paralyzed
36
Define apraxia
no movement
37
Define syncope
fainting
38
Define ataxia
no coordination
39
Define hydrocephalus
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain
40
Define spina bifida
congenital defects in the lumbar spinal column - by imperfect union of vertebral parts
41
Define alzheimer disease What are it's symptoms?
brain disorder - gradual, progressive mental deterioration - personality changes - impairment of daily function
42
Define amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
degenerative disorder of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem
43
Define epilepsy
chronic brain disorder - recurrent seizure activity
44
What type of seizures are associated with epilepsy
- tonic-clonic seizures (grand mal) - aura- - absence seizures - petit mal seizures
45
Define huntington disease
hereditary disorder - degenerative changes in the cerebrum - abrupt involuntary movements - mental deterioration
46
Define multiple sclerosis (MS)
destruction of the myeline sheath on neurons in the CNS - replacement by plagues of sclerotic (hard) tissue
47
Unabbreviate CNS
central nervous system
48
Define bell palsy
7th cranial nerve inflammation of the facial nerve
49
Define Parkinson's disease What are it's symptoms?
degeneration of neurons (basal ganglia) - occur in later life - tremors - weakness of muscles - slower movement
50
Define tourette syndrome
involuntary spasmodic, twitching movements - uncontrollable vocal sounds, profantity
51
Define herpes zoster (shingles)
viral infection affecting peripheral nerves
52
Define human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) encephalopathy
- brain disease - dementia occurring with AIDS
53
Define brain tumor
abnormal growth of brain tissue and meninges
54
Define glioblastoma multiforme
fastest growing, most aggressive brain tumor
55
Define cerebral concussion
type of traumatic brain injury - a blow to the head
56
Define cerebral contusion
bruising of brain tissue - from direct trauma to the head
57
Define cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
disruption in the normal blood supple to the brain - stroke
58
What are three types of stroke?
- thrombotic - embolic - hemorrhagic
59
How do you treat a thrombotic stroke?
(TPA) tissue plasminogen activator
60
Unabbreviate TIA
transient ischemic attacks
61
What are some lab tests and clinical procedures
- cerebrospinal fluid analysis - cerebral angiography - computed tomography of the brain - magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - positron emission tomography (PET) scan - electroencephalography - lumbar puncture (LP)
62
Define cerebrospinal fluid analysis
samples of the CSF examined - measure for protein, glucose, RBCs, WBCs - detect tumor cells, bacteria, virus
63
Define Romberg's Tests
measure a person's sense of balance cerebellar function
64
Define Babinski's Reflux
test - sole of the foot is stimulated - flexion of toes is observed
65
Define Burr holes
to relieve pressure in the brain
66
Unabbreviate ALS
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
67
Unabbreviate BBB
blood brain barrier
68
Unabbreviate CNS
central nervous system
69
Unabbreviate CSF
cerebrospinal fluid
70
Unabbreviate CVA
cerebrovascular accident
71
Unabbreviate DTR's
deep tendon reflexes
72
Unabbreviate EEG
electroencephalogram
73
Unabbreviate ICP
intracranial pressure
74
Unabbreviate LP
lumbar puncture
75
Unabbreviate LOC
level of consciousness
76
Unabbreviate PET
positron emission tomography
77
Unabbreviate TIA
transient ischemic attack
78
Unabbreviate TPA
tissue plasminogen activator
79
Define cerebellum:
part of brain - corrdination of balance
80
Define cerebrum
portion of the brain - thinking, personality, sensation, memory
81
Define dura mater
outer most membrane - enveloping the brain, spinal cord
82
Define aura seizures
onset of a seizure - nausea, dizziness, visual disturbance
83
Define absence seizure
clouding of consciousness/loss of awareness of surroundings
84
Define petit mal seizure
children - weakness
85
Define a thrombotic stroke
blood clot - arises from arteries leading to the brain
86
Define embolic stroke
travels to cerebral arteries - sudden stroke
87
Define hemorrhagic stroke
breakage of a cerebral artery - bleeding
88
Define cerebral angiography
x-ray imaging of the arterial blood vessels in brain - after injection of contrast material
89
Define computed tomography of the brain
computerized x-ray of brain, spinal cord - multiple images
90
Define MRI
magnetic field, pulse radio wave energy - images of brain, spinal cord
91
Define PET scan
radioactive glucose injected - detected in brain/image metabolic activity of cells
92
Define EEG
recording of electrical activity to the brain
93
Define LP
lumbar punction - cerebral spinal fluid withdrawn from between two lumbar vertebrae for analysis

Medical Terminology (25 decks)

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