Chp. 2 Book Flashcards
(30 cards)
How are all cells similar?
contain water, protein, sugar, acids, fats, meterials
What surrounds and protects the cell and regulars as a passageway?
cell membrane
What is a photograph of an individual’s chromosomes, arranged by size, shape, and number?
karyotype
What word is a puncture of the sac around the fetus for removal of fluid and cells?
amniocentesis
What is down syndrome?
What’s another name for it?
It is the mother’s or father’s age the affects the chances?
- an extra copy of chromosome 21
- trisomy 21 syndrome
- mothers
What is the cytoplasm?
- all the material outside the nucleus
- contains special apparatus to supply chemical needs
What is the mitochondria?
- small rod-shaped
- provide energy for the cell
- use nutrients and oxygen to release energy in food
What occurs during catabolism?
- sugar and fat are broken down
- energy is released by mitochondria
define cata-
down
What is the endoplasmic reticulum?
- network of canals (systems that manufacture proteins
What is attached to the endoplasmic reticulum?
ribosomes
What is anabolism?
- build up small protiens to large proteins
Define ana-
up
What are important proteins for cell growth?
- hormones
- enzymes
Anabolism and catabolism make up what?
What is it?
metabolism:
- total chemical processes in cell
Define bol
to cast
What secretes thyroid hormones that stimulat metabolism?
thyroid gland
What cell is long, slender, and contains fibers that aid in contracting and relaxing?
muscle cells
What cell is may be square and flat to provide protection?
epithelial cells
What cell may be long and have various fibrous extenstions that carry impulses?
nerve cells
What word is the study of tissue?
histology
Define thel/o
breast nipple
What is the singlar version of viscera?
viscus
What is the fluid that accumulates in the peritoneal cavity?
ascites
