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Medical Terminology > Chp 11- Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Chp 11- Cardiovascular System Flashcards

(153 cards)

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1
Q

Aorta

A

largest artery in the body

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2
Q

apex of the heart

A

lower tip of the heart

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3
Q

arteriole

A

a small artery

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4
Q

artery

A

largest type of blood vessel; carries blood away from the heart to all parts of the body

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5
Q

atrioventriclar bundle (bundle of HIS)

A

specialized muscle fibers connecting the atria with the ventricles and transmitting electrical impulses between them

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6
Q

atrioventricular node (AV node)

A

specialized tissue in the wall between atria; electrical impulses pass from pacemaker through AV node and bundle of his toward ventricles

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7
Q

Atrium

A

one of two upper chambers of the heart

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8
Q

capillary

A

the smallest blood vessel

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9
Q

CO2

A

waste gas released by body cells, transported via veins to the heart, then to lungs for exhalation

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10
Q

coronary arteries

A

blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle

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11
Q

deoxygenated blood

A

oxygen-poor blood

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12
Q

diastole

A

relaxation of the heartbeat

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13
Q

electrocardiogram

A

record of the electricity flowing through the heart

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14
Q

endocardium

A

inner lining of the heart

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15
Q

endothelium

A

innermost lining of blood vessels

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16
Q

mitral valve

A

valve between the left atrium and left ventricle; bicuspid valve

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17
Q

murmur

A

abnormal swishing sound caused by imporper closure of heart valves

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18
Q

myocardium

A

muscular, middle layer of the heart

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19
Q

normal sinus rhythm

A

heart rhythm originating in sinoatrial node with resting heart rate of 60-100 beats/min

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20
Q

pacemaker (sinoatrial node)

A

specialized nervous tissue in the right atrium that begins the heartbeat

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21
Q

pericardium

A

double-layered membrane surrounding the heart

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22
Q

Pulmonary artery

A

artery carrying oxygen poor blood from the heart to the lungs

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23
Q

pulmonary circulation

A

flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

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24
Q

pulmonary valve

A

valve positioned between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery

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25
pulmonary vein
carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart
26
pulse
beat of the heart as felt through the walls of the arteries
27
septum (septa)
a partition or wall dividing a cavity, such as that between the right and left atria and right and left ventricles
28
sinoatrial node (SA node)
pace maker of heart
29
sphygmomanometer
an instrument to measure BP
30
systemic circulation
flow of blood from body tissue to the heart and back
31
systole
contraction phase of the heartbeat
32
tricuspid valve
located between the right atrium and right ventricle; has 3 leaflets or cusps
33
valve
structure in veins or in the heart that temporarily closes an opening so blood flows in only one direction
34
vein
thin-walled vessel that carries blood from body tissues and lungs back to heart; contains valves to prevent back flow of blood
35
Vena cava
largest vein in the body; superior and inferior vena cava return blood to the right atrium of heart
36
Ventricle
one of two chambers of the heart
37
venule
small vein
38
angi/o
vessel
39
aort/o
aorta
40
arter/o
artery
41
arteri/o
artery
42
ather/o
yellowish plaque
43
atri/o
atrium
44
brachi/o
arm
45
cardi/o
heart
46
cholesterol/o
cholesterol
47
coron/o
heart
48
cyan/o
blue
49
myx/o
mucus
50
ox/o
oxygen
51
pericardi/o
pericardium
52
phleb/o
vein
53
sphygm/o
pulse
54
steth/o
chest
55
thromb/o
clot
56
valvul/o
valve
57
valv/o
valve
58
vascul/o
vessel
59
vas/o
vessel
60
ven/o; ven/i
vein
61
ventricul/o
ventricle
62
Arrhyrhmias
- heart block - flutter - fibrillation
63
Coarctation of the aorta
64
Patent ductus arteriousus (PDA)
65
Septal defects (ASD and VSD)
66
tetralogy of Fallot
67
Congestive heart disease (CHF)
- heart unable to pump the required amount of blood - primary result of high blood pressure - fatal if untreated
68
Coronary artery disease (CAD)
plaque buildup in the walls of the arteries that supply blood to the heart
69
Atherosclerosis
fat build up in walls of the arteries
70
ischemia
restricted blood flow
71
necrosis
tissue death
72
infraction
obstruction of blood flow to organ
73
unstable angina
chest discomfort or pain caused by an insufficient flow of blood and oxygen to the heart
74
Acute coronary syndromes (ACS)
a group of diseases in which blood flow to the heart is decreases
75
Myocardial infraction
heart attack
76
Drug therapies
- Nitrates (nitroglycerin) - aspirin - Beta-blockers - ACE inhibitors - Calcium channel blockers - statins
77
Surgical therapies for CAD
- coronary arter bypass grafting (CABG) - Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
78
Hypertensive heart disease
- changes in the left ventricle, left atrium, and coronary arteries as a result of chronic blood pressure elevation
79
Endocarditis (vegetations)
infection along the edges of the heart valves
80
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP)
heart valve disease in which the flaps (also called leaflets or cusps) of the mitral valve become enlarged or stretched.
81
Murmur
a blowing, whooshing, or rasping sound heard during a heartbeat. The sound is caused by turbulent (rough) blood flow through the heart valves or near the heart.
82
Pericarditis
swelling and irritation of the thin, saclike tissue surrounding the heart (pericardium)
83
Rheumatic heart disease
heart valves permanently damaged by rheumatic fever
84
Aneurysm
bulging, weakened area in the wall of a blood vessel resulting in an abnormal
85
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
a medical condition that occurs when a blood clot forms in a deep vein
86
Hypertension (HTN)
when the pressure in your blood vessels is too high (140/90 mmHg or higher)
87
Peripheral vascular disease (PVD)
systemic disorder that involves the narrowing of peripheral blood vessels
88
Raynaud's Disease
causes some areas of the body — such as fingers and toes — to feel numb and cold in response to cold temperatures or stress
89
Varicose veins
swollen, twisted veins that lie just under the skin
90
AAA
Abdominal aortic aneurysm
91
ACLS
advanced cardiac life support
92
AED
automatic external defibrillation
93
AF, a-fib
Atrial fibrillation
94
AICD
Automatic implantable cardioverter-defirillation
95
ARVD
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia
96
ARB
angiotensin II receptor blocker
97
AS
Aortic stenosis
98
AVR
aortic valve replacement
99
BBB
Bundle branch block
100
BNP
brain natriuretic peptide
101
BP
blood pressure
102
CABG
coronary artery bypass grafting
103
CCU
Coronary Care Unit
104
Cath
catheterization
105
CK
creatin kinase
106
CoA
coarctation of the aorta
107
CPR
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
108
CRT
cardiac resynchronization therapy
109
DES
drug eluting stent
110
DSA
digital subtraction angiography
111
ECMO
extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
112
ECHO
echocardiography
113
EF
Ejection fraction
114
EPS
Electrophysiology study
115
ETT
Exercise tolerance test
116
ETT-MIBI
Exercise tolerance test combined w/ a radioactive tracer (sestamibi) scan
117
EVAR
Endovascular aneurysm repair
118
FFR
Fractional flow reserve
119
HDL
High-density lipoprotein
120
hsCRP
High sensitivity C-reactive protein
121
HTN
hypertension (High blood pressure)
122
IABP
Intra-aortic ballon pump
123
ICD
implantable cardioverter-defibrillator
124
IVUS
Intravascular ultrasound
125
LAD
left anterior descending (coronary artery)
126
LDL
Low -density lipoprotein
127
LMWH
low-molecular-weight heparin
128
LVAD
Left ventricular assist device
129
LVH
left ventricular hypertrophy
130
MUGA
multiple -gated acquisition scan
131
MVP
Mitral Valve prolapse
132
NSR
Normal sinus rhythm
133
NSTEMI
Non-ST elevation myocardial infraction
134
NT-proBNP
N-terminal pro-peptide of BNP
135
PAC
Premature atrial contraction
136
PCI
Percutaneous coronary intervention
137
PDA
patent ductus arteriosus; posterior descending artery
138
PE
pulmonary embolus
139
PVC
premature ventricular contraction
140
SCD
sudden cardiac death
141
SPECT
Single photon emission computed tomography
142
STEMI
ST elevation myocardial infraction
143
SVT
supraventricular tachycardia
144
TAVR
transcatheter aortic valve replacement
145
TEE
transesophageal echocardiography
146
TEVAR
thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair
147
TGA
transposition of the great arteries
148
tPA
tissue-type plasminogen activator
149
UA
unstable angina
150
VF
ventricular fibillation
151
VSD
Ventricular septal defect
152
VT
ventricular tachycardia
153
WPW
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome

Medical Terminology (18 decks)

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