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Medical Terminology > Chp 15- Musculoskeletal System > Flashcards

Chp 15- Musculoskeletal System Flashcards

(159 cards)

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1
Q

acetabulum

A

rounded depression in pelvis that joins the femur, forming the hip joint

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2
Q

acromion

A

outward extension of shoulder blade forming the point of the shoulder

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3
Q

bone

A

dense, hard connective tissue composing the skeleton

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4
Q

bone depression

A

opening or hollow region serving as a connection for bones, or passageway for blood vessels and nerves

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5
Q

bone process

A

enlarged area that extends from bones as an attachment for muscles, tendons and ligaments

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6
Q

cancellous bone

A

spongy, porous bone tissue in inner part of bone

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7
Q

cartilage

A

flexible, connective tissue

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8
Q

collagen

A

dense, connective tissue protein strands found in bone and other tissues

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9
Q

compact bone

A

hard dense bone tissue, usually found around outer portion of bones

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10
Q

cranial bones (name them, 6)

A

ethmoid, frontal, occipital, parietal, sphenoid, temporal

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11
Q

diaphysis

A

shaft/ mid-portion of long bone

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12
Q

disc

A

flat round, plate-like structure

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13
Q

epiphyseal plate

A

cartilaginous area at the ends of long bones where lengthwise growth takes in immature skeleton

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14
Q

epiphysis

A

each end of a long bone; area beyond the epiphyseal plate

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15
Q

facial bones (name them, 6)

A

lacrimal, mandibular, maxillary, nasal, vomer, zygomatic

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16
Q

fontanelle

A

soft spot (incomplete bone formation) between the skull bones of an infant

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17
Q

forman magnum

A

opening of the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes

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18
Q

haversian canals

A

minute spaces filled with blood vessels; found in compact bone

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19
Q

ligament

A

fibroud connective tissue that binds bones to other

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20
Q

malleolus

A

round process on both sides of the ankle joint

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21
Q

manubrium

A

upper portion of the sternum

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22
Q

mastoid process

A

round projection on the temporl bone behind the ear

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23
Q

medullary cavity

A

central, hollowed-out area in the shaft of a long bone

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24
Q

metaphysis

A

flared portion of a long bone, between the diaphysis and the epiphyseal plate

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25
olecranon
large process on the proximal end of the ulna
26
orthopedist
medical doctor who specializes in bone joint and muscle conditions
27
osseous tissue
bone tissue
28
ossification
process of bone formation
29
osteoblast
cell that "builds" bone tissue
30
osteoclast
cell "cleans" up unwanted bone tissue
31
periosteum
membrane surrounding bones; rich in blood vessels and nerve tissue
32
phosphorous
mineral found in bones in combination with calcium
33
physiatrist
medical doctor who specializes in rehabilitation
34
pubic symphysis
area confluence of the two pubic bones in the pelvis
35
red bone marrow
found in cancellous bone; site of hematopoiesis
36
ribs
12 pairs of curved bone forming chest wall, first 7 are true, 8-10 are false, 11-12 floating
37
sella turcica
depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located
38
sinus
hollow air cavity within a bone
39
styloid process
pole-like process extending downward from the temporal bone on each side of the skull
40
suture
immovable joint between bones
41
temporomandibular joint
connection on either side of the head between the temporal bone of the skull and the mandibular bone of the jaw
42
tendon
fibrous connective tissue that binds muscle to bones
43
trabeculae
supporting bundles of bony fibers in cancellous bone
44
vertebra
individual segment of the spine composed of the vertebral body, vertebral arch, spinous process, transverse process, and lamina
45
xiphoid process
lower, narrow portion of sternum
46
yellow bone marrow
fatty tissue found in medullary cavity of most adult long bones
47
calc/o
calcium
48
calic/o
calcium
49
kyph/o
posterior curvature in thoracic region
50
lamin/o
lamina
51
lord/o
curve
52
lumb/o
loins, lower back
53
myel/o
bone marrow
54
orth/o
straight
55
oste/o
bone
56
scoli/o
crooked
57
spondyl/o
vertebra
58
vertebr/o
vertebra
59
-blast
embryonic cell
60
-clast
to break
61
-listhesis
slipping
62
-malacia
softening
63
-physis
to grow
64
-porosis
pore, passage
65
-tome
instrument to cut
66
acetabul/o
acetabulum (hip socket)
67
calcane/o
calcaneus (heal)
68
carp/o
carpals (wrist bones)
69
clavicul/o
clavicle (collar bone)
70
cost/o
ribs
71
crani/o
cranium (skull)
72
femor/o
femur (thigh bones)
73
fibul/o
fibula (smaller lower leg bone)
74
ili/o
ilium
75
ischi/o
ischium (part of pelvic bone)
76
malleol/o
malleolus
77
mandibul/o
mandible (lower jaw bone)
78
maxill/o
maxilla (upper jaw bone)
79
metacarp/o
metacarpals (hand bones)
80
metatars/o
metatarsals (foot bones)
81
olecran/o
olecranon (elbow)
82
patell/o
patella (kneecap)
83
pelv/i
pelvis
84
perone/o
fibula
85
phalang/o
phalanges (finger, toe bones)
86
pub/o
pubis
87
radi/o
radius
88
scapul/o
scapula (shoulder blade)
89
stern/o
sternum (brestbone)
90
tars/o
tarsals
91
tibi/o
tibia (shine bone)
92
uln/o
ulna (lower arm bone)
93
ewing sarcoma
malignant bone tumor
94
exostosis
bony growth on surface of bone
95
osteogenic sarcoma
malignant tumor arising from bone
96
osteomalacia
softening of bone
97
osteomyelitis
inflammation secondary to infection
98
talipes
congenital abnormality of hindfoot involving the talus (clubfoot)
99
synovial joint
freely movable
100
articular cartilage
smooth, glistening white tissue that covers the surface of a joint
101
articulation
any type of joint
102
bursa
sac of fluid near a joint
103
ligament
fibrous connective bands binding bones to other bones
104
meniscus
crescent-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure found in the knee
105
synovial fluid
viscous fluid within synovial cavity
106
synovial cavity
space between bones at a synovial joint
107
synovial membrane
tissue lining synovial cavity; produces synovial fluid
108
tendon
fibrous connective bands that connect muscle to bone
109
ankyl/o
stiff
110
arthr/o
joint
111
articul/o
joint
112
burs/o
bursa
113
chondr/o
cartilage
114
ligament/o
ligament
115
rheumat/o
watery flow
116
synov/o
synovial membrane
117
ten/o
tendon
118
tendin/o
tendon
119
-desis
to bind, tie together
120
-stenosis
narrowing
121
arthritis
inflammation of any joint
122
ankylosing spondylitis
chronic progressive stiffening of joints, mostly spine
123
gouty arthritis
inflammation due to excessive uric acid in body
124
osteoarthritis (OA)
loss of articular cartilage and formation of bone spurs at articular surfaces; can occur in any joint, but mainly in spine, hips and knees of older people
125
rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
autoimmune reaction against joint tissues (synovial membrane)
126
bunion
swelling of medical aspect of joint between bog toe and first metatarsal bone
127
carpal tunnel syndrome
compression of median nerve as it passes between transverse ligament and bones and tendons of the wrists
128
dislocation
displacement of bone from joint
129
abduction
movement away from midline of body
130
adduction
movement toward midline of the body
131
dorsiflexion
upper movement of the foot
132
extension
straightening of a flexed limb
133
fasica
fibrous membrane separating and enveloping muscles
134
flexion
downward movement of the foot
135
insertion of a muscle
connection of a muscle to a bone that moves
136
origin of a muscle
connection of the muscle to a stationary bone
137
plantar flexion
bending the sole of the foot downward toward the ground
138
pronation
turning the palm downward
139
rotation
circular movement around a central point
140
skeletal muscle
muscle connected to bones; voluntary or striated muscle
141
smooth muscle
visceral muscle
142
striated muscle
skeletal muscle
143
supination
turning palm upward
144
visceral muscle
muscle connected to internal organs; involuntary or smooth muscle
145
fasic/o
fascia
146
leiomy/o
smooth muscle
147
my/o
muscle
148
myocardi/
heart muscle
149
myos/o
muscle
150
plant/o
sole of the foot
151
rhabdomy/o
skeletal muscle connected to bones
152
sarco
muscles and flesh
153
-asthenia
lack of strength
154
-trophy
development, nourishment
155
ab-
away from
156
ad-
toward
157
dorsi-
back
158
ganglion
fluid-filled cyst arising from the joint capsule or tendon in the wrist
159
processes
attachment point for muscles, tendons, and ligaments

Medical Terminology (18 decks)

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