Chp 2- Pertaining to Body as Whole Flashcards
(114 cards)
1
Q
What are cells?
A
fundamental unit of all living things
2
Q
Major parts of a cell?
A
- chromosome
- nucleus
- cell membrane
- cytoplasm
- mitochondria
- ER
3
Q
Cell Membrane
A
protects + regulates what passes
4
Q
Nucleus
A
where cell division occurs
5
Q
Chromosomes
A
- rod-like structures in Nucleus (23 Pairs)
- 46 total
- contain genes → DNA →activity of cell based on sequence
6
Q
Cytoplasm
A
- all material outside nucleus
- supplies chemical needs of All
7
Q
Endoplasmic Reticulum
A
manufacture proteins for the cell
8
Q
Ribosomes
A
- build long chains of proteins
- anabolism → build large proteins
9
Q
Mitochondria
A
Energy, nutrients, O2
10
Q
Anabolism
A
build large protein from small protein
11
Q
Catabolism
A
complex proteins down to simple protein with Energy release
12
Q
Karyotype
A
numerical order of chromosomes
13
Q
metabolism
A
anabolism + catabolism
14
Q
Muscle Cell
A
- long slender, fibers → contact+ relax
- voluntary (concious) → arms, legs
- involuntary (unconcious) → heart, lungs
15
Q
Nerve cells
A
send nerve impulses
16
Q
Fat Cells
A
- large empty space for fat storage
- connective tissue → bone, blood, adipose
17
Q
Epithelial Cells
A
- all over body
- Exocrine + endocrine glands → responsible for secretions
- skin/lining
- square + flat
18
Q
Tissues
A
group of similar cells working together
19
Q
Organs
A
different types of tissue combine to form an organ
20
Q
Systems
A
groups of organs working together to perform complex functions
21
Q
Adipose Tissue
A
fat cells
22
Q
Cartilage
A
connective tissue
23
Q
Epithelial Cells
A
Skin Cells, outside world
24
Q
Histologist
A
Specialist
25
larynx
voice box
26
pharynx
throat, passage way, food + air
27
pituitary gland
endocrine gland @ base of brain
28
Thyroid Gland
@ top of trachea
29
Trachea
wind pipe
30
Ureter
to blader
31
urethra
bladder to outside
32
Uterus
womb
33
Viscera
internal organs
34
Cranial Cavity
Brain + Pituitary
35
Thoracic
lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea, aorta, bronchi, thymus gland
36
Pleural Cavity
- Part of thoracic cavity
- space around the lungs
37
mediastinum
- Part of thoracic cavity
- between left and right pleural cavities (between lungs, holds heart)
38
Abdominal Cavity
stomach, SI, LI, spleen, pancreas, liver, gall bladder
39
Pelvic Cavity
portions of small and large intestines, bladder, rectum, urethra, ureters, uterus + vagina in females
40
Spinal Cavity
Nerves of the spinal cord
41
Right/Left hypochondriac region
top, below ribs
42
Epigastric Region
Above stomach
43
R/L Lumbar region
Middle sides
44
Umbilical Region
Middle
45
R/L inguinal Region
bottom corners
46
Hypogastric region
bottom middle
47
RUQ
contains liver (right lobe), gall bladder, part of liver, part of pancreas, Parts of SI/LI
48
LUQ
left liver, stomach, spleen, pancreas, small/large intestine
49
RLQ
SI/LI, right ovary, right fallopian tube, appendix, right ureter
50
LLQ
SI/LI, left ovary, left fallopian tube, left ureter
51
Divisions of the spine + numbers
Cervical (C1-C7), Thoracic (T1-T12), Lumbar (L1-L5), Sacral (S1-S4), Coccygeal (4 fused)
52
Anterior (ventral)
front
53
Posterior (dorsal)
back
54
Superficial (cephalic)
surface
55
proximal
Closer to center of body
56
Distal
Away from reference point/ center of body
57
Inferior
below
58
superior
above
59
Medial
middle
60
lateral
outside
61
supine
upwards
62
prone
downwards
63
Frontal/Coronal plane
split into front and back
64
Sagittal/ lateral plane
left and right
65
Transverse (axial) plane
top and bottom
66
abdomin/o
abdomen
67
adip/o
fat
68
anter/o
front
69
cervic/o
neck (back of body or uterus)
70
chondr/o
cartilage
71
chrom/o
color
72
coccyg/o
coccyx (tailbone)
73
crani/o
skull
74
cyt/o
cell
75
dist/o
far/distant
76
dors/o
back portion of body (dorsal)
77
hist/o, histi/o
tissue
78
ili/o
illium (of the hip bone)
79
inguin/o
groin
80
kary/o
nucleus
81
later/o
side
82
lumb/o
lower back
83
medi/o
middle
84
nucle/o
nucleus
85
pelv/i
pelvis
86
pharyng/o
pharynx (throat)
87
poster/o
behind/ back
88
proxim/o
nearest
89
sacr/o
sacrum
90
sarc/o
flesh
91
spin/o
spine/backbone
92
thel/o, theli/o
nipple
93
thorac/o
chest
94
trache/o
trachea/ windpipe
95
umbilic/o
navel/ umbilicus
96
ventr/o
belly side of the body
97
vertebr/o
vertebra(e)/ Backbone(s)
98
viscer/o
internal organs
99
ana-
up
100
cata-
down
101
epi-
above
102
hypo-
below
103
inter-
between
104
intra-
within
105
meta-
change
106
-eal
pertaining to
107
-iac
pertaining to
108
-ior
pertaining to
109
-ism
process, condition
110
-ose
pertaining to/ full of
111
-plasm
formation
112
-somes
bodies
113
-type
picture, classification
114
