Chp 17- Sense Organs Flashcards by Noor Hussein

accommodation

normal adjustment of the eye to focus on objects from far to near

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anterior chamber

the area behind the cornea and in front of the lens an iris

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aqueous humor

fluid produced by the ciliary body and found in anterior chamber

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bioconvex

consisting of two surfaces that are rounded, elevated, and curved evenly; lens of the eye is biconvex

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choroid

middle, vascular layer of the eye, between the retinal and sclera

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ciliary body

structure surrounding the lens that connects the choroid and iris; controls shape of lens and secretes aqueous humor

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cone

photorecpetor cell in the retina that transforms light energy into nerve impulse; responsible for colour and central vision

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conjunctiva

delicate membrane that lines the undersurface of eyelids and covers anterior eyeball

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cornea

fibrous transparent layer of clear tissue that extends over the anterior portion of eyeball

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fovea centralis

tiny depression in the retina that is the region of clearest vision

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fondus of the eye

posterior, inner part of the eye

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iris

pigmented layer that opens and closes to allow more or less light into the eye

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lens

transparent, biconvex body behind the pupil of the eye

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macula

yellowish region on the retina lateral to and slightly below the optic disc

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optic chiasm

the point at which optic nerve fibers cross in the brain

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optic disc

the region at the back of the eye where the optic nerve meets the retina; blindspot

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optic nerve

cranial nerve carrying impulses from the retina to the brain

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pupil

central opening of the eye, surrounded by the iris, through which light rays pass

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refraction

bending of light rays by the cornea, lens, and fluids of the eye to bring the rays into focus on the retina

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retina

light sensitive nerve cell layer of the eye containing photoreceptor cells

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rod

photoreceptor cell of the retina essential for vision in dim light and for peripheral vision

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sclera

tough, white outer coat of the eyeball

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thalamus

relay center of the brain

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vitreous

soft jelly-like material behind the lens in the vitreous chamber

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aque/o

water

blephar/o

eyelid

conjunctiv/o

conjunctiva

cor/o

pupil

corne/o

cornea

cycl/o

ciliary body

dacry/o

tears, tear ducts

ir/o

iris

irid/o

iris

kerat/o

cornea

lacrim/o

tears

ocul/o

eye

ophthalm/o

eye

opt/o

eye, vision

optic/o

eye, vision

palpebr/o

eyelid

papill/o

optic disc

phac/o

lens of the eye

phak/o

lens of the eye

pupill/o

pupil

retin/o

retina

scler/o

sclera

uve/o

uvea

vitre/o

glassy

ambly/o

dull, dim

dipl/o

double

glauc/o

gray

mi/o

small, less

mydr/o

widen, enlarge

nyct/o

night

phot/o

light

presby/o

old age

scot/o

darkness

xer/o

dry

-opia

vision

-opsia

vision

-tropia

to turn

astigmatism

defective curvature of the cornea or lens of the eye

hyperopia

farsightedness

myopia

nearsightedness

presbyopia

impairment of vision due to old age reducing lens accomodation

chalazion

small, hard, cystic mass on the eyelid; formed as a result of chronic inflammation of sebaceous gland along margin of eyelid

glaucoma

increased intraocular pressure damages the retina and optic nerve

hordeolum (stye)

staph infection of a sebaceous gland in the eyelid

macular degenreation

progressive damage to macular of the retina

nystagmus

repetitive rhythmic movements of one or both eyes

strabismus

abnormal deviation of the eye

retinal detachment

two layers of retina separate from each other

photopsia

bright flashes of light

floaters

vitreous clumps of retina

sclera buckle

belt used to buckle the retina to sclera

pnuematic retinopexy

a gas bubble injected in vitreous cavity to help reattach retina

fluorescein angiography

dye injection to examine blood flow in the retina

ophthalmoscopy

visual examination of the interior of the eye through dilated pupil

slit lamp microscopy

magnified view of expanded number of eye structures

enucleation

removal of the entire eyeball

lasik

laser to correct errors of refraction by sculpting the cornea

keratoplasty

surgical repair of the cornea

scleral buckle

suture of a silicone band to the sclera over the detached portion of retina

phacoemuslification

ultrasound to break up lens for aspiration for cataract removal

vitrectomy

removal of vitreous and replacement with a clear solution

auditory canal

channel that leads from the pinna to the eardrum

auditory meatus

auditory canal

auditory nerve fibers

carry impulses from the inner ear to the brain

auditory tube

channel between the middle ear and nasopharynx; protruding parting of external ear, or pinna

cerumen

waxy substance secreted by external ear; also called earwax

cochlea

snail-shaped, spirally wound tube in the inner ear

endolymph

fluid within the labyrinth of the inner ear

eustachian tube

auditory tube

incus

second ossicle of the middle ear

labyrinth

maze-like series of canals of the inner ear

malleus

first ossicle of the middle ear

organ of corti

sensitive auditory receptor area found in the cochlea of the inner ear

ossicle

small bone of the ear

oval window

membrane between the middle ear and the inner ear

perilymph

fluid contained in the labyrinth of the inner ear

pinna

auricle; flap of the ear

semicircular canals

passages in the inner ear associated with maintaining equilibrium

stapes

third ossicle of the middle ear

tympanic membrane

membrane between the outer and the middle ear; eardrum

vestibule

central cavity of the labyrinth, connecting the semicircular canals and the cochlea

acous/o

hearing

audi/o

hearing

audit/o

hearing

aur/o

ear

auricul/o

ear

cochle/o

chochlea

mastoid/o

mastoid process

myring/o

eardrum, tympanic membrane

ossicul/o

ossicle

ot/o

ear

salping/o

eustachian tube

staped/o

stapes

tympan/o

eardrum, tympanic membrane

vestibul/o

vestibule

-acusis / -cusis

hearing

-meter

instrument for measure

-otia

ear condition

tinnitus

sensation of noises (ringing, buzzing, whistling, booming) in the ears

vertigo

sensation of irregular motion (whirling) from disease of inner ear or nerve carrying messages from the semicircular canals

otitis media

inflammation of middle ear

Chp 17- Sense Organs Flashcards

(125 cards)