Circulatory, respiratory, musucloskeletal (Final)

Question 1

Pulse

Answer 1

ventricles contracts, artery walls bulge and spring back

Question 2

distribution of blood is

Answer 2

adjusted by altering the diameter of arterioles

Question 3

Capillary

Answer 3

cylinder of endothelial cells, exchanges between blood and interstitial fluid

Question 4

Blood flows from capillaries

Answer 4

flow into venues (tiny views) which empty into veins which allows exchange of oxygen

Question 5

veins have flaplike valves to

Answer 5

prevent backflow

Question 6

blood pressure

Answer 6

exerted by blood on the walls of blood vessels

120/80

Question 7

Systolic pressure

Answer 7

highest pressure of a cardiac cycle occurs as contracting ventricles of the heart force blood into arteries

Question 8

Diastolic pressure

Answer 8

the lowest blood pressure of a cardiac cycle, occurs when ventricles of the heart are relaxed

Question 9

hypertension

Answer 9

high blood pressure

Question 10

slow flow through capillaries enhances the rate of exchanges between

Answer 10

the blood and interstitial fluid

Question 11

Lymph vascular system

Answer 11

consists of lymph capillaries and vessels that collect water and solutes from interstitial fluid and deliver them to the circulatory system

Question 12

Lymph

Answer 12

fluid that moves through vessels

Question 13

Circulatory sytem

Answer 13

distributes materials throughout the vertebrate body

Question 14

Open circulatory system

Answer 14

heart pumps hemolymph

Question 15

closed circulatory system

Answer 15

heart pumps blood

Question 16

Fish heart chambers

Answer 16

1 atrium, 1 ventricle

Question 17

Amphibians heart chambers

Answer 17

2 atria, 1 ventricle

Question 18

Birds and mammals chambers

Answer 18

2 atria, 2 ventricles

Question 19

Pulmonary circuit

Answer 19

blood flows from right half of heart to lungs to gain oxygen

Question 20

systemic circuit

Answer 20

blood flows from left heat to body to lose oxygen then back to right (pulmonary circuit)
(aorta)

Question 21

Arteries

Answer 21

carry blood from ventricles to arterioles

Question 22

arterioles

Answer 22

control blood distribution to capillaries

Question 23

capillaries

Answer 23

exchange substances

Question 24

venules

Answer 24

collect blood from capillaries

Question 25

veins

Answer 25

deliver blood back to heart

Question 26

an average adult human has about .....of blood

Answer 26

5 liters of blood

Question 27

blood's fluid portion is

Answer 27

plasma

Question 28

plasma

Answer 28

is mostly water with hundreds of different plasma proteins dissolve in it

Question 29

red blood cells

Answer 29

contain hemoglobin that carries oxygen from lungs to tissues

Question 30

white blood cells

Answer 30

defend the body from pathogens

Question 31

Hemostasis

Answer 31

is a three-phase process that stops blood loss, constructs a framework for repairs

Question 32

atria vs ventricles chambers

Answer 32

atria collect blood, ventricles pump blood

Question 33

Diastole

Answer 33

relaxation

Question 34

Systole

Answer 34

contraction

Question 35

Sinoatrial (SA) node

Answer 35

in the wall of the right atrium, is the cardiac pacemaker-it generates about 70 action potential per minute

Question 36

Lungs

Answer 36

saclike respiratory organs with branching tubes that deliver air to a respiratory surface

Question 37

Pharynx

Answer 37

throat, where air enters

Question 38

larynx

Answer 38

voice box

Question 39

epiglottis protects

Answer 39

trachea

Question 40

Bronchioles delivers air to

Answer 40

alveoli

Question 41

Diaphragm

Answer 41

separates thoracic and abdominal cavities, expands and contracts for lung respiration

Question 42

respiratory cycle

Answer 42

consists of one inhalation and one exhalation

Question 43

medulla oblongata

Answer 43

brain stem are the control center for respiration

Question 44

____ each follow their partial pressure gradient across the membrane

Answer 44

02 and C02

Question 45

Axial skeleton

Answer 45

skull, vertebral column, ribs

Question 46

Appendicular skeleton

Answer 46

pelvic gridle, limbs

Question 47

foramen magnum

Answer 47

brain and spinal cord connect through an opening in the base of the skull

Question 48

Red marrow

Answer 48

in spongy bone forms blood cells, new blood cells

Question 49

Yellow marrow

Answer 49

long bones is mostly fat

Question 50

Osteoblasts

Answer 50

build bones

Question 51

osteocytes

Answer 51

mature osteoblasts

Question 52

ostseoclasts

Answer 52

break down bone matrix

Question 53

Osteoporosis

Answer 53

"porous bones" | when calcium is removed from bane than is deposited, bone becomes brittle and break easily

Question 54

joint

Answer 54

area of contact or near contact between bones

Question 55

ligaments

Answer 55

bone to bone

Question 56

ball and socket joints

Answer 56

shoulders

Question 57

gliding joints

Answer 57

wrists and ankles

Question 58

hinged joints

Answer 58

elbows and knees

Question 59

tendons

Answer 59

muscle to bone

Question 60

muscle fibers

Answer 60

a cylindrical contractile cell that runs the length of the muscle

Question 61

myofibrils

Answer 61

bundles of contractile filaments run the length of the muscle fiber

Question 62

muscle cells are like neurons in what way

Answer 62

they are excitable

Question 63

if no calcium is present then

Answer 63

no muscle contraction

Question 64

Myoglobin

Answer 64

have an abundance of mitochondria, produce ATP, allow aerobic respiration to continue even if blood flow is insufficient to meet oxygen need