Lymphatic and Immunity

Question 1

Lymphatic system functions

Answer 1

return fluid/solutes
lipids absorbed by SI transported blood
Pathogens transported to lymph nodes

Question 2

Vessels of lymphatic system parallel the vessels of the

Answer 2

circulatory system

Question 3

Peristalsis

Answer 3

slow contracting of smooth muscle

Question 4

extracellular matrix

Answer 4

outside the cell

Question 5

extracellular fluid

Answer 5

not manufactured by cell

Question 6

interstitial fluid

Answer 6

between cells

Question 7

how many liters of lymph enter hear

Answer 7

3 liters

Question 8

lymph nodes

Answer 8

lymph must pass through at least one node

Question 9

thymus

Answer 9

originate in red bone marrow and site of t cells

Question 10

spleen

Answer 10

recycling of RBCs

Question 11

immunity

Answer 11

is the capacity to resist and combat infection by pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, protists and worms

Question 12

Antigen

Answer 12

any molecule particle or cell recognized by the body as “non self”

Question 13

PAMPs

Answer 13

pathogen associated molecular patterns

Question 14

innate immunity

Answer 14

a general defense against infection; Immediate responses;

born with

Question 15

adaptive immunity

Answer 15

is a sytem defenses specifically targets different antigens an individual may encounter during its lifetime;
acquired.

Question 16

3 lines of defense are

Answer 16

physical, chemical and mechanical barriers; Skin for example
Innate
Adaptive

Question 17

Phagocytes (WBC) are

Answer 17

cell eating

Question 18

Secretory cells

Answer 18

mast cells

Question 19

lymphocytes

Answer 19

B and T cells, NK cells

Question 20

All white blood cells synthesize and secrete cell to cell signaling molecules

Answer 20

cytokines; which run the system that coordinate all aspects of immunity

Question 21

Lysozyme

Answer 21

anti-bacterial enzyme

Question 22

Innate immune system: complment proteins

Answer 22

are inactive in the blood &/Or interstitial fluid; become activated when they encounter antigen

Question 23

Neutrophils are known as

Answer 23

kamikaze cells because they are short lived and explode to pathogens

Question 24

Monocytes

Answer 24

circulate in blood; precursors of Macrophages when they leave blood

Question 25

Macrophages

Answer 25

"Big eaters" in interstitial fluid engulf and digest essentially everything except undamaged cells

Question 26

Dendritic cells

Answer 26

Patrol tissues tha contact the external environment and also engulf pathogens

Question 27

Inflammation

Answer 27

response to tissue damage; characterized by redness, warmth and swelling/pain.

Question 28

Cytokines stimulate brain cells to

Answer 28

release chemicals which act on the hypothalamus- causing vasoconstriction, increased heart&respiratory rates.

Question 29

B cells synthesize, secrete and display

Answer 29

antibody Naiive B cells.

Question 30

MHC markers

Answer 30

human self proteins , indicator saying its infected

Question 31

Antibodies are Y shaped antigen receptors made by

Answer 31

B cells

Question 32

Cell mediated Immunity

Answer 32

Cytotoxic T cells and NK cells detect and destroy infected or altered body cells; cancerous cells

Question 33

Humoral Immunity

Answer 33

B cells produce antibodies that bind to antigens in blood or interstitial fluids

Question 34

Macrophage are in

Answer 34

fluids

Question 35

Dendricites are in

Answer 35

tissue

Question 36

Memory cells

Answer 36

Lymphocytes produce B&T cells which can produce memory cells that provide "memory" for immune system for next infection if occurs

Question 37

Effector cells

Answer 37

destroy most antigens-bearing agents

Question 38

Naive B or T cell has not yet

Answer 38

encountered its specific antigen

Question 39

Helper T cells bind antigen-MHC complexes on activated B cells and secrete

Answer 39

cytokines

Question 40

B cells display

Answer 40

antibodies on the cell membrane

Question 41

B cells also synthesize and secrete

Answer 41

Antibodies into blood

Question 42

cytoxic T cell release protein-digesting enzymes and

Answer 42

perforins

Question 43

Autoimmune system

Answer 43

an immune response that is misdirected against the person's own tissues; ex: rheumatoid arthritis

Question 44

Primary immodeficiency

Answer 44

results of mutation; ex: boy in bubble

Question 45

Secondary immunodeficiency

Answer 45

results from a virus; ex: HIV

Question 46

New stem cells arise from

Answer 46

Red bone Marrow

Question 47

Old and destroyed/recycled are down by the

Answer 47

spleen

Question 48

Totipotent stem cell

Answer 48

pontential to make a human

Question 49

Unipotent stem cell

Answer 49

pontential to make anything

Question 50

b cells

Answer 50

extracellular; makes plasma cells and release anti bodies

Question 51

T cell

Answer 51

intracellular and cell mediated

Question 52

NK cells

Answer 52

natural cells, kill 'altered' cells. Intracellular. MHC is there or not

Question 53

Cytotoxic T cells

Answer 53

Kill with perforin; MHC must be present

Question 54

Neutrophils

Answer 54

first responder, phagocytes

Question 55

Dendritic cells

Answer 55

phagocytes, B cell, innate and acquired

Question 56

Eosinphills

Answer 56

worms

Question 57

basophils and mast cells

Answer 57

part of allergies; like histamine.