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A & P: 2 > Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulatory System Flashcards

(55 cards)

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1
Q

What carriers blood away from the heart

A

Arteries

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2
Q

What carries blood to the heart

A

Veins

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3
Q

What are capillaries

A

Microscopic vessels where arteries and veins join together

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4
Q

What does the inner layer of epithelia cells do

A

Tunica Intima flow with minimal clotting

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5
Q

What does the middle layer of arteries do

A

Smooth and connective muscle tissue called Tunica media gives elasticity

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6
Q

What is the outer layer of an artery

A

Tunica adventitia which is a layer of fibrous tissue

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7
Q

Veins have the same anatomy of arteries except what?

A

The thinner layer of tunica media does to lower venous pressure

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8
Q

What is the internal valves do?

A

Reduce pooling of blood due to lower pressure

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9
Q

How is the heart positioned in the body

A

Posterior and left of sternum

From 3-5th anterior ribs

Base medial
Apex lateral

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10
Q

What kind of blood does the right atrium receive

A

CO_2 blood from the body

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11
Q

What kind of blood does the left atrium receive

A

O_2 blood from the lungs

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12
Q

What kind of blood does the right ventricle receive

A

CO_2 blood from the right atrium and pumps it to the lungs

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13
Q

What kind of blood does the left ventricle receive

A

O_2 blood from the left atrium and pumps it to the body via aorta

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14
Q

What are chordae tendineae

A

Fibers that connect mitral and tricuspid valves

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15
Q

Right side valves are more what than left ones

A

Inferior

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16
Q

Define the pericardium

A

Membrane sac surrounding the heart

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17
Q

C0_2 rich blood enters the body and flows into the …

A

Right atrium

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18
Q

The right atrium pushes CO_2 blood through what

A

Tricuspid valve and right ventricle

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19
Q

The right ventricle contracts to push CO_2 blood to the

A

Pulmonary valve then into the pulmonary artery

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20
Q

The pulmonary artery takes CO_2 rich blood to

A

The lungs to exchange CO_2 with O_2

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21
Q

O_2 rich blood enters from the lungs and enters where

A

Left atrium

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22
Q

The left atrium contracts O_2 blood to what

A

The mitral bicuspid valve and the left ventricle

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23
Q

Where do the electrical impulses that cause the heart to beat begin

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A

Sinoatrial posterior wall of the right atrium

24
Q

Where do impulses travel after they begin

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A

To the atrioventricular

Wall between the right atrium and ventricles

25
Where do electrical impulses travel after the atrioventricular wall
The bundle of HIS Wall that separates both ventricles
26
Where does the electrical impulse end
In the purkinjie fibers located in the ventricular walls (triggers systolic )
27
What do coronary arteries do
Supply oxygen rich blood to heart for nourishment
28
What are the common places for coronary artery disease (occlusion)
Right coronary artery (RCA) Left anterior descending artery (LADC) Circumflex artery (CA)
29
Label coronary arteries
30
What are the major systemic arteries in order
Ascending aorta Aortic arch Descending thoracic aorta Descending abdominal aorta
31
Label and trace arteries in the major trunk
32
What is the blood flow of arteries in the head and neck
1. Brachiocephalic 2. Left common carotid 3. Left subclavian
33
Label arteries of head and neck
34
What is the purpose of the circle of Willis
Allows blood to reach all parts of the brain if one vessels become occluded
35
Label the circle of Willis
36
What is the blood flow of veins in the head and neck
1. Brachiocephalic 2.subclavian
37
What is the blood flow of arteries in upper extremities
1. Subclavian 2. Axillary 3. Brachial 4. Common iliac arteries
38
Know the blood flow of veins in the extremities
Cephalic Axillary Brachial Common iliacs
39
Label extremity artery and veins
40
Define the portal venous system
When the blood from digestive organs get diverted into the liver for filtration before mixing with remainder of blood
41
Trace the blood flow of the portal venous anatomy
Gastric vein Splenic vein Inferior mesenteric vein Superior mesenteric vein Portal vein Liver Hepatic vein Inferior vena cava
42
What are some key differences about fetal blood circulation
Fetal blood circulation includes umbilical arteries and veins Foramen ovale Ductus arteriosus
43
What kind of blood does the fetal umbilical vein carry
O_2 rich blood
44
What kind of blood do the 2 fetal arteries carry
CO_2
45
What is the foramen ovale in fetal heart
Hole in the heart between the right and left atrium
46
Define the ductus arteriosus
Vessels connecting to pulmonary arteries Allows remainder of blood to bypass to the lungs
47
What are the 3 purposes of the lymphatic system
Transport interstitial fluid to bloodstream Filtration of micro organisms via lymph nodes Maturation of lymphocytes
48
Define transport in the lymphatic system
Regulation of interstitial fluid occurs in the lymphatic ducts for transport to the circulatory system
49
What are the 2 ducts in the lymphatic system
Thoracic duct ( drains fluid from entire left half and entire lower half) Right lymphatic duct ( drains right upper half of body)
50
All lymphatic fluid becomes what
Plasma
51
Define filtration
Removing pathogens and migrant cancer cells Storage center for mature lymphocytes
52
What are lymphocytes
Leukocytes that form the basis of immunity
53
Define the spleen
Made of lymphatic tissue Located LUQ retro gastric Blood and RBC reservoir
54
Define the thymus
Located behind the sternum Vital in infants and toddlers Shrinks with age
55
Label lymphnodes

A & P: 2 (17 decks)

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