Digestive system

Question 1

How many cavities connect to the pharynx

Answer 1

7

Question 2

List the 7 cavities that connect to the pharynx

Answer 2

1-2 tympanic cavitites
3-4 nasal cavities
oral cavity
Larynx
Esophagus

Question 3

Label the picture

Question 4

Which bowel diameter is bigger

Answer 4

large bowel is greater in diameter

Question 5

Which bowel is longer in length

Answer 5

Small bowel has a greater length (25 inches) than large bowel (5 inches)

Question 6

How is large bowel located

Answer 6

peripherally

Question 7

How is small bowel located

Answer 7

centrally

Question 8

What are the pouch like markings called in large bowel

Answer 8

haustral

Question 9

Discuss the salivary gland

Answer 9

-An exocrine gland
-Produces saliva (1.5 liters per day)
-Has 3 paired gland ( parotid, submandibular, sublingual)

Question 10

Discuss the liver

Answer 10

-Located in the RUQ under semi diaphragm
-Largest solid organ
-Produces bile to break down ingested fats

Question 11

Discuss the Gall bladder

Answer 11

-Located in the RUQ under the liver
-Stores bile from liver until needed

Question 12

Discuss the pancreas

Answer 12

-The head is within the C loop of the duodenum
-The tail extends behind the stomach
-Produces insulin to break down sugar and other enzymes

Question 13

Where is the esophagus located

Answer 13

Lies behind the mid axillary pane of chest
Posterior to trachea and heart
Anterior to thoracic aorta

Question 14

Where is the stomach and its different parts located

Answer 14

Most of stomach is anterior
Fundus is most posterior
Lower body is most anterior
Pylorus starts to turn posterior

Question 15

Where is the duodenum located

Answer 15

Most of duodenum is posterior
The rest is everywhere

Question 16

The cecum and colon are located where

Answer 16

posterior

Question 17

The transverse colon is located where

Answer 17

Anterior

Question 18

The descending colon is located where

Answer 18

Posterior

Question 19

The sigmoid Colon is located where

Answer 19

Anterior

Question 20

Define peritoneum

Answer 20

Double walled membrane lining surrounding many abdominal organs to create a peritoneal cavity

Question 21

What are the 2 layers of the peritoneum

Answer 21

Parietal (outer lining )
Visceral ( Inner lining )

Question 22

Define mesentery

Answer 22

Small portion of peritoneum that fully surrounds the bowel
4 laters where peritoneum attach ti itself
Where the membranes meet

Question 23

Define the Omentum

Answer 23

Portion of the peritoneum that extends fro stomach to another organ

Like a sheet

Question 24

Discuss the greater omentum

Answer 24

Extends from stomach to lie as a loose flap over abdomen

No inferior attatchment

Question 25

Discuss the lesser omentum

Answer 25

Extends from liver to stomach

Question 26

Discuss the greater sac

Answer 26

part of peritoneal cavity inferior to stomach largest portion of cavity

Question 27

Discuss the lesser sac

Answer 27

part of peritoneal cavity that lies posterior to stomach and inside greater omentum

Question 28

What does intraperitoneal mean

Answer 28

within the peritoneal cavity

Question 29

What does retroperitoneal mean

Answer 29

located behind the peritoneal cavity

Question 30

What does infra peritoneal mean

Answer 30

Located beneath the peritoneal cavity

Question 31

What are the 3 forms of digestion

Answer 31

Mechanical chemical absorption

Question 32

Discuss mechanical digestion

Answer 32

process of moving and mixing substances

Question 33

Discuss chemical digestion

Answer 33

process of breaking down into simpler components aided by enzymes

Question 34

Discuss absorption

Answer 34

process of transferring substances from digestive tract into blood stream

Question 35

What is mastication

Answer 35

chewing

Question 36

What is deglutition

Answer 36

swallowing

Question 37

What is peristalsis

Answer 37

wave like contraction to push the bolus forward

Question 38

What is churning

Answer 38

mixing substances together into semi solid mass called chyme

Question 39

What is rhythmic segmentation

Answer 39

breaking up larger food bolus into smaller groups and then remixing the groups

Question 40

What is haustral churning

Answer 40

special type of churning in large bowel

Question 41

What is mass peristalsis

Answer 41

peristalsis in large bowel

Question 42

What is defecation

Answer 42

elimination of solid waste

Question 43

Discuss carbohydrates

Answer 43

Broken down into simple sugars for an energy source The excessive produced glucose is stored in cells as glycogen which is stored in the liver and muscle

Question 44

Discuss proteins

Answer 44

Broken down into amino acids to help build structure

Question 45

Discuss fats

Answer 45

Broken into fatty acids and glycerol which are stored in adipose cells for future energy Fatty acids in glycerol are rebuilt in the liver as triglycerides

Question 46

What substances are ingested but not chemically ingested

Answer 46

Vitamins Minerals water (H_20)

Question 47

What are the 4 classes of body habitus

Answer 47

Hypersthenic (5%) Sthenic (50%) Hyposthenic (35%) Asthenic (10%)