Clostridium

Question 1

species of Clsotridium ??

Answer 1

C tetani
C perfringes
C botulinum
C difficile

Question 2

Disease caused by Clostridium ??

Answer 2

C tetani - tetanus
C perfringes - Gas gangrene + food poisoning
C botulinum - botulism
C difficile - Pseudomembranous colitis

Question 3

appearance of C tetani ?/

Answer 3

drumstick
/
tennis racket

Question 4

toxin produced by it ??

Answer 4

T toxin
/
Tetanospasmin
/
neurotoxin

Question 5

NON- characteristics of C t ??

Answer 5

NON-acid fast
NON-capsulated

201

Question 6

Transmission of C t ??

Answer 6

Widespread in soil

201

Question 7

Tetanus toxin to toxoid formation ??

Answer 7

lacks toxigenicity
but retain antigenecity of toxin and thus stimulates production of Anti-toxin

201

Question 8

toxin name of C t ??

Answer 8

Tetanospasmin
Tetanolysin

202

Question 9

M/A of tetanus ??

Answer 9

202

Question 10

M/A of tetanus toxin ??

Answer 10

Bind with ganglioside receptor
block release of inhibitory NT - glycine & GABA
No inhibition of LMN by UMN
Exaggerated action of LMN

Question 11

Result of Tetanus ??

Answer 11

Inc muscle tone
spastic paralysis
hyper-excitability of voluntary muscles

202

Question 12

Can Dx of tetanus made from Culture/media ?/

Answer 12

No
its clinical

Question 13

Clinical Dx of tetanus ??

Answer 13

lockJaw- trismus
risus sardonicus
OpisthoTones
exaggerated reflexs

203

Question 14

Pre-exposure prevention / immunization of T ?

Answer 14

TT
EPI schedule
6-10-14 weeks
booster - every 10 years

Question 15

Pregnant women vaccine for tetanus ?/

Answer 15

5 doses of TT vaccine

Question 16

Post-exposure prophylaxis ?/

Answer 16

passive immunization
TIG
250-500 units in IM

Question 17

Which Antibiotics for tetanus ??

Answer 17

Benzodiazepine
to prevent spasm
Benzyl Penicillin - 600mg IV 6hourly
Metronidazole

Question 18

what type of immunity in tetanus ??

Answer 18

active-passive immunity

204

Question 19

Canned food / vacuum packed food contamination in which C ??

Answer 19

C botulinum

Question 20

which type of paralysis by C botulinum ??

Answer 20

flaccid paralysis

Question 21

Mechanism of Toxicity ??

Answer 21

Botulinum toxin = block release of Ach = Blockage of synaptic Ach release = Flaccid paralysis

206

Question 22

Commercial preparation of exotoxin A of C botulinum ??

Answer 22

BOTOX

Question 23

uses of Botox ??

Answer 23

• removal wrinkles of face - osmotic reduction
• Tx of - torticollis + writers cramp + blepharospasm

206

Question 24

clinical features of Botulism ??

Answer 24

• Descending paralysis
  visual disturbance - double vision
  speech dificulty

Question 25

types of Botulism ??

Answer 25

1. food borne wound infant unclassifies

Question 26

Infant botulism complication ??

Answer 26

Floppy baby syndrome

Question 27

why Botulism not a classical example of food poisoning ??

Answer 27

NO V -D no action on GIT | 207

Question 28

Bacteria causing Food poisoning ??

Answer 28

208 Escherichia coli 13-2-2025 6.03

Question 29

Feature of botulism - 5D ??

Answer 29

Diplopia dysarthria dysphagia dyspnea dysending flaccid paralysis | 207

Question 30

Culture for food poisoning ??

Answer 30

208

Question 31

Disease caused by C perfringens ??

Answer 31

Gas gangrene Anaerobic cellulitis Food poisoning

Question 32

Gas gangrene other name ??

Answer 32

Myonecrosis

Question 33

Toxins type in myonecrosis ??

Answer 33

alpha / lecithinase theta

Question 34

theta toxin effect - hemolytic & necrotizing effects

Answer 34

done

Question 35

alpha toxin effects ??

Answer 35

degrade lecithin

Question 36

How to identify alpha toxin by cultire ?/

Answer 36

egg yolk agar

Question 37

Culutre media for C perfringes ?/

Answer 37

Robertsons cooked meat media thioglycolate media egg yolk media

Question 38

Pathogenesis of gas gangrene / myonecrosis ??

Answer 38

210

Question 39

Prevention & control of GG ??

Answer 39

211

Question 40

Predisposing fators of Pseudomembranous colitis by C difficile ??

Answer 40

clindamycin ampicillin 2 & 3 Generation of cephalosporins fluroquinolones cancer chemotherapy | 212

Question 41

50 years male + severe diarrhea + UTI ??/

Answer 41

C difficile

Question 42

nosocomial cause of diarhea ??

Answer 42

C difficile 212 14-2-2025 2.51PM