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Microbiology -Medical-Prof > Immunity-Autoimmunity > Flashcards

Immunity-Autoimmunity Flashcards

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1
Q

Autoimmunity definition ??

A

Immune response against self antigens due to loss of self tolerance in B & T cells or both

Guide-404

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2
Q

Autoimmune disease ?? Def

A

The D caused by autoimmunity are referred to as AID

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3
Q

Pernicious anemia organ ??

A

Gastric parietal cell

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3
Q

Hashimotos thyroiditis organ ??

A

Thyroid gland

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3
Q

Myasthenia gravis D organ >??

A

Muscle

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4
Q

e

Autoimmune haemolytic anemia organ ??

A

Erythrocytes

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4
Q

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura organ ??

A

Platelets

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5
Q

SLE organ ??

A

Multi system

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6
Q

Rheumatic fever organ ??

A

Joints & heart valves

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7
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis organ ??

A

Joints and organs

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8
Q

Mechanism of autoimmunity 4 point ??

A
  1. Molecular mimicry
    2.Epitope spreading
    3.Failure of Treg
    4.NeoAntigens

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9
Q

Molecular mimicry - Tell in your own word ??

A
  1. AA sequence of Self Atg = AA sequence of Microbes Atg
  2. Immune response against microbes Atg
  3. Activation of self reactive lymphocytes

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10
Q

Example of Molecular mimicry ??

A
  1. GBS
  2. Reiters syndrome
  3. Rheumatic heart D

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11
Q

Reiters syndrome microbes ??

A
  1. Shigella
  2. Chlamydia

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12
Q

Guillain Barre syndrome microbes ??

A
  1. Campylobacter

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13
Q

RHD mecha ?/

A

AB againts streptococcus M protein cross react with myocardial protein

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14
Q

End result of RHD ??

A

Myocarditis

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15
Q

Myasthenia gravis D receptor associated with ??

A

Ach receptor

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16
Q

Graves disease receptor ?/

A

TSH r

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17
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis R ??

A

IgG in joints

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18
Q

Goodpostures syndrome ??

A

Basement membrane of kidney & lung

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19
Q

SLE r ??

A

dsDNA & Histone

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20
Q

Epitope spreading mecha in your own word ??

A
  1. Damage to cells
  2. Damage caused by - Viral bacterial infections
  3. New exposure of sequestered autoAtg
    newly exposed autoAtg == stimulate autoreactive t cell = autoimmune disease

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21
Q

D associated with ES ??

A
  1. SLE
  2. MS
  3. Pemphigus vulgaris
  4. IBD
  5. Crohns D
  6. Ulcerative colitis

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22
Failure of Treg cell outcome ??
Treg cell = Suppress proinflammtory effects So inflammation associated D occure | 405
23
D associated with failure of Treg cells ??
1. SLE
24
Neoantigens who ????
SelfAtg that have been modified by some extrinsic factors so that they appear foreign to immune system
25
D associated with Neo Atg ??
Procainamide induced SLE | 405
26
R fever microbes ??
Streptococcus pyogens | 406
27
R arthritis microbes ??
Yersinia enterocolitica | 406
28
complement system ?
it is a collective term used to designate a group of plasma protein at least 20 in numbers which normally remain in inactivate form --- when activated they act in an ordinary sequnce to exert biological effects
28
pathways of complement ?
classical alternative lectin
29
which one apperar first ?
alternative
30
which immunity is alternative & lectin ?
innate
31
adaptive humoral immunity ??
classical
32
classical pathway whole ?
366
33
what is C5 reductase ?
C4b2b3b
34
alternative pathway activators name ?
LPS teichoic acid fungal cell wall viral envelope cobra venom aggregated IgA
35
lectin pathway activator ?
mannan binding lectin -MBL Mannan - polymer of the sugar , mannose
36
why IgM more efficient complement activator ?
367
37
complement system biological function ?
368
38
cell lysis by whome ?
MAC C5b6789
39
Opsonization by ??
C3b
40
chemotaxis by ??
C5a C5b67
41
anaphylotoxin ?????
C3a C4a C5a
42
which one is more potent anaphylotoxin >
C5a
43
stimulation of antibody production?
C3b 368
43
C3b convertase ?
C3bBb complex
44
C5-C8 which disease ?
inc susceptibilty to neisseria infection
44
properdin factor-D which disease <
pyogenic bacterial infection
45
C2 C4 disease ?
SLE
45
complement deficiency disease ?
369
45
C3 which disease ?
pyogenic bacterial infection
46
C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency ?
angioedema
47
decay-accelerating factor = DAF ??
paroxymal nosturnal hemoglobinuria 369
47
MHC defination ?
cluster of genes located on the short arm of CHr-6
48
MHC classification <
MHC-1 HLA-A HLA-B HLA-C MHC-2 HLA-DP-DQ-DR MHC-3
49
inhibitors of complement >
DAF C1 esterase inhibitors 370
50
Class-1 MHC distribution ?
surface of virtually all neucleated cells
51
CLass-2 MHC antigens ??
APC \macrophages B cells spleen langerhans cells
51
class-3 MHC where ?
free in plasma
52
example of Class-3 MHC
complement C2 C4 properdin factor B
52
Fucntion of MHC ?
atg recognition association with auto-immune disease role in organ transplantation recognition of self& non-self 372
53
hypersensitivity defination <
it can be defined as inappropriate / excessive immune response to an antigenic stimulus in a pre-sensitized host leading to tissue damage 374
53
MHC-1 which T cell ?
Th
54
HLA associated isease ?
ankylosing spondylitis SLE myasthenia gravis graves disease RA DM reiters syndrome primary Sjogren's syndrome
54
MHC-2 which T cells ?
Tcyt
55
HLA typing defination ?
the determination of the compatibility of the MHC/HLA of donor/recipient done before tissue transplantation `
55
immunological disease name >
hypersensitivity amyloidosis autoimmune immunologic deficiency syndrome
55
tolerance defination 401
it is the state of specific immunologic unresponsiveness
56
type-4 hypersensitivity example ?
tubeculin test lepromin test Multiple sclerosis Type-1 DM graft rejection Crohns disease granulomatous reaction
56
HLA typing tests name >
DNA sequncing serological assays mixed lymphocyte culture - MLC technique 373
56
anaphylaxis defination ??
rapidly developing hypersensitivity triggred by combination pof antigen to IgE present on the mast cell / basophil in an individual who is pre-sensitized to that Atg 376
56
clinical importance of HLA typing?
paternity test for establishing HLA and disease association anthropologic studies HLA compatibility prior to transplantation 373
56
Type-3 hypersensitivity example <
SLE AGN Polyarteritis nodosa RA Serum sickness arthus reaction
56
example of atopic disorder ?
allergic rhinits bronchial asthma urticaria eczema angioedema
57
Type-2 hypersensitivity example ?
hemolytic anemia autoimmune hemolytic anemia thrombocytopenia agranulocytosis transfuison reactions 388
57
type-1 hypersensitivity example ?
asthma rhinitis-conjuntivitis -hay fever eczema-urticaria anaphylaxis allergic gastroenteropathy 375
57
other name of Type4 H ?
delayed / cell mediated
57
M/A of type-1 hypersensitivity >?
375+376
58
mediators of type-1 H ?
HISTAMINE neutral protease several acid hydrolase heparin \ chondroitin sulfate leukotrians prostaglandin TNF IL-1 + 4 378
59
cells of type-1 H ?
macrophae th2 B cell plasma cell mast cell basophil
60
atopy defination ?
genetic predispositon toward the development of immediate hypersensitivity reactions against ccommon enviremoental antigen
61
types of graft ?
auto synergic allo xeno 392
62
graft rejection defination ?? 393
transplantation of tissues from one individual to a genetically non-identical recipient leads to a specific immune response that can destroy the grafft
63
CD8+ T cell-mediated cytotoxicity by whom ?
perforins granzymes
64
Graft defiantion >
G are the living tissue/ organs which are transplanted to replace the diseased/dead tissue of the body 392
65
why grafts are rejected <
recipients immune system recognize the graft as non-self Humoral + CMI
65
M/A of graft rejection ?
393
65
GVH reaction defination ><
GVH occurs in any situation in which immunologiccaly competent cells/their precursors are transplanted into immunological crippled recipient and the transfered cells recognize alloantigens in the host
66
classification of grat rejection >
hyperacute acute chronic
66
white graft which one >
hyperacute 394
67
Mechanism of GVH ?
396
68
methods to reduce the immunogenecity of allografts / test done to check tissue compatibilit ?
ABO bllod typing tissue typing cross matching
68
conditions of GVH <
graft must be contain-immunocopetent cell host - immunoccompromise d recipent must express antigen foriegn to the odnot
69
drugs used for immunosuppression ?
cycloserine rapamycin corticosteroids Anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody Anti-IL2 receptor antibody Anti CD40 ligand 397
70
M/A of tolerance ?
401
71
after administration of single exposure of Ag what ?
serum sickness Type-3
72
after administration of multiple exposure of atg >
arthus reaction

Microbiology -Medical-Prof (49 decks)

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