Cold War (Predicted Explain Why Questions) Flashcards
(31 cards)
What is the Brezhnev Doctrine?
A policy introduced in 1968 stating the USSR could intervene if socialism was threatened in any Warsaw Pact country.
It was established after the Prague Spring.
What event did the Brezhnev Doctrine justify?
The Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia.
This invasion aimed to crush reform attempts led by Alexander Dubček.
What did the Brezhnev Doctrine emphasize regarding the sovereignty of communist countries?
Sovereignty was limited when it came to protecting Soviet-style communism.
This meant that the USSR could intervene in the affairs of other communist nations.
What message did the Brezhnev Doctrine send to Eastern European countries?
Attempts at liberalisation or independence would be suppressed.
This was a warning against pursuing reforms.
How did the Brezhnev Doctrine affect potential reforms or revolts in Soviet satellite states?
It deterred potential reforms or revolts, reinforcing Soviet dominance.
The doctrine aimed to maintain control over Eastern Europe.
What was the Western response to the Brezhnev Doctrine?
Relations with the West worsened, as it was seen as aggressive and expansionist.
This increase in tensions contributed to the Cold War.
What was discovered by the US in October 1962?
Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba
How far were the Soviet missiles located from Florida?
90 miles
What action did President Kennedy take to prevent more missiles from arriving in Cuba?
Imposed a naval blockade (called a ‘quarantine’)
How long did the US and USSR stand on the edge of war during the crisis?
13 tense days
What significant communication system was established between the US and USSR after the crisis?
A ‘hotline’ between Washington and Moscow
What treaty did both countries sign in 1963?
The Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
What was Khrushchev’s agreement regarding the missiles in Cuba?
To remove the missiles in exchange for the US promising not to invade Cuba and secretly removing missiles from Turkey
Fill in the blank: The US discovered Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba in _______.
October 1962
True or False: The US and USSR resolved their tensions without any military action during the Cuban Missile Crisis.
True
What was the purpose of the naval blockade imposed by President Kennedy?
To prevent more missiles arriving in Cuba
What was the purpose of Cominform?
To coordinate communist parties across Europe and ensure they followed Soviet-style communism.
Cominform enabled the USSR to maintain political control over satellite states.
How did Cominform impact opposition leaders in satellite states?
It enabled the USSR to remove opposition leaders and replace them with pro-Soviet communists.
This was part of the broader strategy to consolidate power within the Eastern Bloc.
What was one method used by Stalin to suppress deviation from his policies?
Purges in countries like Hungary and Czechoslovakia.
These purges were aimed at eliminating any political dissent against Soviet policies.
What was the aim of Comecon?
To rival the Marshall Plan and offer aid and trade to Eastern Bloc countries.
Comecon was a response to Western economic initiatives.
How did Comecon affect the economies of member states?
It encouraged each country to specialise in particular industries, tying their economies closely to the USSR.
This specialization increased economic dependency on the Soviet Union.
What restriction was placed on Comecon member states?
They were forbidden from trading with the West.
This isolation further strengthened Soviet influence in the region.
What was the main promise of the Truman Doctrine?
To support any country threatened by communism.
How much financial aid did the US initially provide to Greece and Turkey under the Truman Doctrine?
$400 million
