Elizabeth (Predicted 'Increasing Poverty'' Question) Flashcards
(24 cards)
What are the three reasons why poverty increased between 1558-1588?
Rising Population
Prices rose faster than wages.
Changing in farming practices.
P1 - Rising Population
How much did England’s population increase between 1558-1588?
Increased from 3 million to 3.8 million.
P1- Rising Population
What did the rising population put pressure on?
Food
Jobs
Housing
P1 - Rising population
Where did the increasing population affect the most?
Urban Centre’s
P1 - Rising Population
What did the towns struggle to do due to an increasing population?
Provide enough:
Jobs
Sanitation
Housing
P1- Inflation
Why did price inflate?
Rising Population so increased demand.
P1- Inflation
How did inflation increase hardship for the lower class in terms of wages?
Wages did not keep up and even full time work didn’t cover basic needs.
P1- Inflation
What years were there bad harvests?
1573
1578
P1 - Inflation
What did bad harvests lead to?
Grain shortages so prices soared even more.
P3- Changing in farmer practices
What did landowners increasingly practise?
Enclosure
P3- Changing in farmer practices
What did enclosure allow in terms of profit?
Allowed more profitable sheep farming.
P3- Changing in farmer practices
What did the growth of enclosure do to tenant farms and labourers?
Displaced them, leaving them jobless.
P3- Changing in farmer practices
What was there a shift in, in terms of farming?
Shift from subsistence to profit based farming.
P3- Changing in farmer practices
What did the shift to profit farming lead to?
Less land used for growing grain so increased food shortages so increased prices.
What was the primary reason for the decline of the English cloth trade during Elizabeth’s reign?
Conflict with Spain and the collapse of the Antwerp market
The decline was also influenced by increased competition from other countries, like the Dutch Republic.
What event in the 1560s and 1570s negatively affected the English cloth trade?
Worsening relations with Spain
Elizabeth supported Protestant rebels in the Dutch Revolt, disrupting trade.
What happened to the Antwerp market during the decline of the cloth trade?
It suffered due to war and instability, reducing demand
Antwerp was the main hub for English cloth exports.
What was a significant impact of the decline of the cloth trade on workers?
Many cloth workers lost jobs, contributing to poverty and unemployment
Towns reliant on woollen exports, like Norwich and York, were particularly affected.
What caused the decline in sheep farming profits during Elizabeth’s reign?
Overproduction and decline in cloth trade
Fewer buyers for English cloth and wool led to difficulties in selling wool.
What changes in land use occurred among landowners during the decline of sheep farming?
Some turned away from sheep farming towards more profitable crops or enclosed land for other uses
This shift contributed to the decline in sheep farming.
What was a consequence of the decline in sheep farming on rural workers?
Rural unemployment rose, and many became vagabonds
Vagabonds are wandering unemployed people.
Fill in the blank: The English cloth trade was particularly profitable during _______’s reign.
Henry VIII
True or False: The decline of the cloth trade had no significant impact on employment in towns like Norwich and York.
False
What were some of the countries that began producing and exporting cloth, increasing competition for English cloth?
The Dutch Republic
Other countries also began to enter the cloth market.
