Flashcards in development of the genital system Deck (61)
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1
when does the determination of sex occur ?
at fertilizations (determined by male gamete)
2
if the germ cells fail to reach the genital ridges
gonads do not
3
What forms the primitive sex cords ?
coelomic epithelium proliferates and penetrates the mesenchyme to form primitive sex cords
4
3 contributions to the gonads ?
germ cells (endoderm)
coelomic epithelium
mesenchymal cells (Ct)
5
development of the testes is induced by what gene
sry
6
what does the the sry gene encode
Testis dermining factor (TDF)
7
What does TDF cause
sex cords proliferate to form testis
cords grow into a network that will give rise to rete testes
tunica albuginea seperates cords from surface epithlieum
8
seminiferous cords form
seminiferous tubules (sertoli cells and spermatogonia) straight tubules, rete tests and mesenchymal cells
9
what do mesenchymal cells form
leydig cells that produce testerone in week 8
10
which gonad develops first
right
11
descent of the testes is associated with
enlargement of the testes
atrophy of the mesonephric kidney
atrophy of the paramesonephric ducts
enlargement of the processus vaginalis
12
the gubernaculum attached to the uterus becomes what
ovarian ligament and round ligament of uterus
13
canal of nuck
persistent processus vaginalis in female
14
mesonephric duct
duct of the intermediate kidney
15
paramesonephric duct
a longitudinal derivative of epithleium of the urogenital ridge; cranially the duct opens into the coelomic cavity; caudally the two ducts join and fuse together
16
the development of the genital ducts is controlled by
TDF
17
mullerian inhibiting factor
produced by sertoli cells and inhibit development of the mullerian duct
18
testosterone
produced by leydig cells and stimulate continued development of the mullerian duct
19
the mesoneprhic duct gives rise to
epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct and seminal vesicle
20
in males the _________ regresses and the ________ perisists
mullerian, mesonephric
21
what are the remnants of mullerian ducts
appendix of testi (paradidymuss) and protatic utricle
22
paramesonephric duct gives rise to what in females
uterine tube, uterus and superior part of vagina
23
remnants of the mesonephric ducts in females
epoophoron+ paraoophoron and the gartner's cyst
24
gartner's syst
scattering of tiny remnants of the mesonephric duct that remain near the vagina
25
the vaginal epithlium arises from
endoderm of the UG sinus,
26
the fibromuscular wall of the vagina arises from
surrounding mesenchyme
27
sinovaginal bulbes fuse to form
vaginal plate (hymen)
28
upper portion of vagina derived from
paramesonephric ducts
29
lower portion of the vagina derived from
urogenital sinus
30
the indifferent gonad becomes what in females and males
testes in males and ovary in females
31
the gubernaculum becomes what in f and m
gubernaculum testes
ovarian ligament and round ligament of uterus
32
genital tubercle becomes what in males and females
males-penis
females-clitoris
33
urogenital folds become what in males and females
labia mainora in females and penis in males
34
genital swellings become what in males and females
scrotum
labia majora
35
phenotypic sex is determined over a long period of time during development and depends on
MIF, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and critical timing
36
turner syndrome
45 X0, germ cells degenerate after reaching gonadal ridge; ovaries do NOT form but rather ovarian streaks form
37
migration of germ cells during week 2
arise from the epiblast
38
week 3 migration of germ cells
yolk sac
39
week 5 migration of germ cells
migration through dorsal mesentery of the hindgut
40
week 6 migration of germ cells
arrive at the genital ridge
41
what does the seminiferous tubules form
sertoli cells and spermatogonia
42
what do the mesenchymal cells from
leydig cells that produce testosterone in week 8
43
INFANnital tubercle becomes what in females
clitoris
44
genitcal tubercle becomes what in males
penis
45
the urethrla groove becomes what in males
penile urethral
46
urthral groove becomes wat in females
vestibule
47
urogenital sinus becomes what in males
bladder, urethra, and prostate
48
urogenical sinus becomes what in females
bladder urethra, portions of the vagina and vestibular glands
49
what are the four stages of development of the reproductive system
development of the sexually indifferent goand, development of the ovary/testis, development of genital ducts, development of external genitalia
50
what week does reproductive development start
week 5
51
gonads are derived from
intermediate mesoderm, mesenchyme, and primordial germ cells
52
when do the primordial germ cells invade the gonadal ridges
week 6
53
uterus didelphys
double uterus with double vagina
54
uternus bicornis
two uteri,one vagina
55
weeks 9-12
external genitalia
56
klinefelter syndrome
47xxy male, but small testes, tall intellegence affected
57
androgen insensitivyt syndrome
46 XY but appear as normal females, resissteance to testosterone defect in androgen receptor
58
hydrocele
processus vginalis doesn't close and accumulates fluid, usually spontaneously closes in a few days
59
cryptoorchidism
undescended testes
60
hypospadias
external urethral opening on ventral side
61
