The Placenta

Question 1

What are the fetal membranes

Answer 1

chorion, amnion, yolk sac and the allantois

Question 2

functions of the placenta

Answer 2

protection, nutrition, respiration, excretion and hormone production

Question 3

the __________are part of the fetal placenta unit

Answer 3

suprarenal gland

Question 4

The fetal part of the placenta arises from

Answer 4

chorionic sac

Question 5

the maternal part of the placenta arises from

Answer 5

endometrium

Question 6

the maternal part of the placenta is called

Answer 6

decidua

Question 7

What is the decidua reaction ?

Answer 7

with increasing levels of progesterone, the connective tissue cells of the decidua become enlarged and pale staining and help protect the uterus against complete invasion of the synctiotrophoblast

Question 8

decuda basalis

Answer 8

deep to the fetus (base of implantation site)

Question 9

decidua capsularis

Answer 9

overlying the fetus (covers the implantation site)

Question 10

decidua parietalis

Answer 10

everything else (part of the decidua not implantation site or covering of it

Question 11

what does the trophoblast give rise too ?

Answer 11

cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoboblast

Question 12

what forms the layers of the chorion ?

Answer 12

somatic layer of extraembryonic mesoderm and layers of trophoblasts

Question 13

chorionic villi will attacht to the _____ via the ____________ and serves to anchor the chorionic sac

Answer 13

decidua basalis, cytotrophoblast

Question 14

what four things does the chorionic membrane consist of

Answer 14

syncytiotrophoblast, cytotrophoblast, embryoonic ct, and endothelium of fetal vessels

Question 15

what does the fetal part of the placenta do ?

Answer 15

seperates the fetus from the endometrium of the uterus

Question 16

what do the fetal membranes include

Answer 16

chorion, amnion, yolk sac, and the allantois

Question 17

what fills the primary villi to form the secondary villi

Answer 17

somatic mesoderm

Question 18

the presence of blood vessels designates what ?

Answer 18

tertiary villi

Question 19

the fetal placenta is the

Answer 19

villous chorion

Question 20

maternal placenta is

Answer 20

decidua basalis

Question 21

where is the intervillous space derived from ?

Answer 21

lacunar network that formed in the syncytiotrophoblasts in the second week

Question 22

the intervilous space is drained by what veins

Answer 22

endometrial veins

Question 23

amniochorionic membrane

Answer 23

fusion of amniotic and chorionic sac (ruptures during labor) and membrane fuses with decidua capsularis and then adheres to decidua parietalis obliterating the uterine lumen

Question 24

what does the placenta membrane consist of

Answer 24

syncytiotrophoblast, cytotrophoblast, embryonic connective tissue, and endothelium of the fetal vessels

Question 25

beneficial things that cross the placenta

Answer 25

metabolic gases, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, glucose, amino acis, free fatty acids, vtamins, urea, uric acid, bilirubin, electrolytes, rBCs, serum proteins, alphafetoprotein, steroid hormones, immunogloulin A and G

Question 26

things that cross the placental membrane that hare harmful

Answer 26

``` CO viruses many drugs anti-RH antibodies toxoplasma gondii, and treponema palladium ```

Question 27

the umbillical cord has

Answer 27

two arteries and one vein

Question 28

placenta accreta

Answer 28

placenta adheres to myometrium

Question 29

placenta percreta

Answer 29

penetrates the full thickness of the myometrium and fails to seperate from the uterine wall

Question 30

erythroblastosis fetalis

Answer 30

Rh incompatability between mother and fetus mom has been exposed to fetal blood, makes antibodies IgG against fetal antigen and can cross the placenta, if there is a future pregnancy with Rh incompatability, antibodies can cross and attack fetal RBC's causing anemia and edema

Question 31

somatic layer of extraembryonic mesoderm and layers of the trophoblast form

Answer 31

chorion